In cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) children and adolescents with conduct problems learn social problem-solving skills that enable them to behave in more independent and situation appropriate ways. Empirical studies on psychological functions show that the effectiveness of CBT may be further improved by putting more emphasis on (1) recognition of the type of social situations that are problematic, (2) recognition of facial expressions in view of initiating social problem-solving, (3) effortful emotion regulation and emotion awareness, (4) behavioral inhibition and working memory, (5) interpretation of the social problem, (6) affective empathy, (7) generation of appropriate solutions, (8) outcome expectations and moral beliefs, and (9) decision-making. To improve effectiveness, CBT could be tailored to the individual child’s or adolescent’s impairments of these psychological functions which may depend on the type of conduct problems and their associated problems.

在认知行为疗法 (CBT) 中，有品行问题的儿童和青少年学习解决社会问题的技能，使他们能够以更独立和更适合情境的方式行事。对心理功能的实证研究表明，通过更加强调（1）识别有问题的社会情境类型，（2）识别面部表情以启动社会问题解决，CBT的有效性可能会进一步提高， (3) 努力的情绪调节和情绪意识，(4) 行为抑制和工作记忆，(5) 社会问题的解释，(6) 情感同理心，(7) 产生适当的解决方案，(8) 结果期望和道德信念, 和 (9) 决策。为了提高效率，