Background. Controlling and reducing salt intake are one of the solutions to overcome hypertension. This study aimed at determining the predictors related to salt control methods in Saqez urban population. Methods and Materials. In the present cross-sectional study, the sample population was randomly selected through cluster sampling. Data collection was performed using valid questionnaires, demographic, family economic status, knowledge, perception, intention, salt intake behaviors, and salt control methods, along with measuring body mass index (BMI) and hypertension levels. Descriptive, analytical statistical methods and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the predictors of desirable salt control methods. The variables of sex, age, family economic status, knowledge, perception, perceived social support, self-efficacy, and intention were analyzed as independent variables. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24 at a significance level of 0.05. Results. Out of 766 participants, 73% were women, with mean (M) 32.83, standard deviation (SD) 9.52 years, and 77.2% were married. There were significant sex differences in employment () and economic status (). The M (SD) of blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) was 110.65 (0.0212) (). The salt intake control methods between men and women did not show significant differences (). Among totally 88.5%, 87.7% men and 88.9% women followed desirable behaviors. The predictors that determine the adoption of salt control methods were sex (man) (OR = 0.71, 95% CI (0.38–1.29)), age (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = (0.99–1.05)), SES/FAS (medium, high level) (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = (0.754–2.47); OR = 0.46, 95% CI = (0.047–4.55)), blood pressure (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = (0.16–11.23)), knowledge (have) (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = (0.39–1.63)), intent to reduce salt (OR = 1.047, 95% CI = (1.03–1.06)), perceived salt reduction importance (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = (1.01–1.04)), perceived emotional support (health staff) (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = (1.01–1.04)), media (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.99–1.02), perceived practical support (spouse) (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.99–1.04)), and perceived self-efficacy (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = (0.99–1.03)). Conclusion. The support of health staff and spouse seems to be effective in controlling the salt intake behaviors of healthy individuals. In parallel with the development and change of people’s lifestyles, new approaches (legal and services) for salt control based on the support of media and social media were expected.

中文翻译：

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伊朗库尔德斯坦地区 Saqez 城市人口的盐摄入行为程度及其预测因素：一项横断面研究


背景。控制和减少盐摄入量是克服高血压的解决方案之一。本研究旨在确定与 Saqez 城市人口控盐方法相关的预测因素。方法和材料。在本横断面研究中，样本总体是通过整群抽样随机选择的。使用有效问卷、人口统计、家庭经济状况、知识、感知、意图、盐摄入行为和盐控制方法以及测量体重指数（BMI）和高血压水平来收集数据。使用描述性、分析性统计方法和多元逻辑回归分析来确定理想盐控制方法的预测因子。将性别、年龄、家庭经济状况、知识、感知、感知社会支持、自我效能和意图等变量作为自变量进行分析。使用SPSS软件24版进行数据分析，显着性水平为0.05。结果。在 766 名参与者中，73% 是女性，平均 (M) 32.83，标准差 (SD) 9.52 岁，77.2% 已婚。就业方面存在显着的性别差异（）和经济状况（ ）。血压（收缩压/舒张压）的 M (SD) 为 110.65 (0.0212）（ ）。男性和女性的食盐摄入控制方法没有表现出显着差异（ ）。在总共 88.5% 的受访者中，87.7% 的男性和 88.9% 的女性遵循了理想的行为。决定采用盐控制方法的预测因素包括性别（男性）（OR = 0.71，95% CI（0.38–1.29））、年龄（OR = 1.02，95% CI =（0.99–1.05））、SES/FAS （中，高水平）（OR = 1.37，95% CI = (0.754–2.47)；OR = 0.46，95% CI = (0.047–4.55)），血压（OR = 1.33，95% CI = (0.16– 11.23))、知识(有)(OR = 1.01, 95% CI = (0.39–1.63))、减盐意愿(OR = 1.047, 95% CI = (1.03–1.06))、感知减盐重要性(OR = 1.02，95% CI = (1.01–1.04))，感知情感支持（医务人员）（OR = 1.02，95% CI = (1.01–1.04)），媒体（OR = 1.01，95% CI = 0.99–1.02 ）、感知到的实际支持（配偶）（OR = 1.02，95% CI = 0.99–1.04））和感知到的自我效能感（OR = 1.01，95% CI = (0.99–1.03））。结论。医务人员和配偶的支持似乎可以有效控制健康人的盐摄入行为。随着人们生活方式的发展和变化，人们期待基于媒体和社交媒体支持的控盐新途径（法律和服务）。