The study assessed the antidiabetic effect of Solenostemma argel and its nanoformulations with silver/gold nanocomposites (CNPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), and metaformin drug. Experimental groups consisted of normal control, diabetic control, and four diabetic groups treated with metformin, CNPs, ZnONPs, and bulk argel leaf extract (So-argel). Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the synthesized CNPs and ZnONPs were of variable sizes and dimensions and were quasi-spherical in shape. Particle sizes measured by dynamic light scattering were 106 and 139 nm for CNPs and ZnONPs, respectively. Also, the polydispersity index values were 0.473 and 0.269 for CNPs and ZnONPs, respectively. The biochemical parameters were as follows: the group treated with bulk So-argel (105.00 ± 4.041 mg·dL −1 ) and CNPs (109.00 ± 8.373 mg·dL −1 ) showed a more profound anti-hyperglycemic effect and were comparable to the control (88.40 ± 2.249). Liver and kidney functions ( p ≤ 0.05) improved with So-argel and its nanoformulations compared to metformin. However, bulk argel (170.33 ± 20.431 and 38.00 ± 3.05 U·L −1 ) and the nanocomposite (228.33 ± 11.464 and 48.00 ± 5.291 U·L −1 ) were efficacious in lowering serum levels of liver enzymes (AST and ALT, respectively). No significant difference was observed between urea levels. Nevertheless, bulk So-argel (0.26 ± 0.007) and CNPs (0.24 ± 0.018) were more effective than ZnONPs (0.41 ± 0.289) on serum creatinine. Nanotreatment exhibited a reduction in lesions size/healing. Overall, nanoparticles may offer a safe potential for Type 2 diabetes management.

中文翻译：

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贵金属/金属氧化物纳米粒子的合成和表征及其对生化参数和伤口愈合的潜在降糖作用

该研究评估了 Solenostemma argel 及其纳米制剂与银/金纳米复合材料 (CNPs)、氧化锌纳米粒子 (ZnONPs) 和二甲双胍药物的抗糖尿病作用。实验组由正常对照组、糖尿病对照组和用二甲双胍、CNPs、ZnONPs 和散装 argel 叶提取物 (So-argel) 治疗的四个糖尿病组组成。透射电子显微镜表征表明，合成的 CNPs 和 ZnONPs 具有不同的尺寸和尺寸，并且是准球形的。对于 CNP 和 ZnONP，通过动态光散射测量的粒径分别为 106 和 139 nm。此外，CNPs 和 ZnONPs 的多分散指数值分别为 0.473 和 0.269。生化参数如下：用大量 So-argel (105.00 ± 4.041 mg·dL -1 ) 和 CNPs (109.00 ± 8. 373 mg·dL -1 ) 显示出更显着的抗高血糖作用，与对照组相当 (88.40 ± 2.249)。与二甲双胍相比，So-argel 及其纳米制剂改善了肝肾功能 (p ≤ 0.05)。然而，大量 argel（170.33 ± 20.431 和 38.00 ± 3.05 U·L -1 ）和纳米复合材料（228.33 ± 11.464 和 48.00 ± 5.291 U·L -1 ）可有效降低血清肝酶水平（分别为 AST 和 ALT ）。尿素水平之间没有观察到显着差异。然而，散装 So-argel (0.26 ± 0.007) 和 CNPs (0.24 ± 0.018) 比 ZnONPs (0.41 ± 0.289) 对血清肌酐更有效。纳米治疗表现出损伤大小/愈合的减少。总体而言，纳米颗粒可能为 2 型糖尿病管理提供安全的潜力。