Traditional Chinese herbs have attracted extensive attention due to their good efficacy, low toxicity, and minor side effects. However, some active ingredient extracts are relatively sensitive to external influence and liable to lose their effectiveness. Different from the traditional and complex encapsulation methods, one can easily prepare drug-loaded microcapsules to improve their bioavailability using the new encapsulation technology. In this work, we used the sonochemical method to prepare bovine serum albumin (BSA)/astragalus membranaceus oil (AM) microcapsules. The technology was simpler, greener, and more efficient. Thereinto, BSA and AM oil were used as the shell material and the core material, respectively. The effects of ultrasonic amplitude, ultrasonic mode, and ultrasonic time on synthetic reactions were studied. The morphology and size of the BSA/AM microcapsules were investigated using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The loading efficiency and drug release behavior were determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, respectively. The best ultrasonic synthesis conditions were obtained by the above analysis, with an ultrasound amplitude of 30%, ultrasound mode of the pulse mode of 2 s, ultrasound time of 4 min. The DLS results show that the microcapsule size is 484.4 nm and the polydispersity index is small. The TGA results show that the drug loading efficiency is about 77%, and the hemolysis tests show that the BSA/AM microcapsules have no cytotoxicity at lower concentrations (lower than 50 μg·mL −1 ).

中文翻译：

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载有中药提取物的蛋白质微胶囊的声化学合成

中草药以其药效好、毒副作用小、副作用小而受到广泛关注。然而，一些活性成分提取物对外部影响相对敏感，容易失去效力。与传统复杂的包封方法不同，采用新的包封技术可以轻松制备载药微胶囊以提高其生物利用度。在这项工作中，我们使用声化学方法制备了牛血清白蛋白（BSA）/黄芪油（AM）微胶囊。该技术更简单、更环保、更高效。其中，BSA和AM油分别作为壳材和芯材。研究了超声振幅、超声模式和超声时间对合成反应的影响。使用透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和动态光散射 (DLS) 研究了 BSA/AM 微胶囊的形态和尺寸。分别使用热重分析 (TGA) 和紫外 (UV) 光谱测定装载效率和药物释放行为。通过以上分析得到最佳的超声合成条件，超声幅度为30%，超声模式为脉冲模式2 s，超声时间为4 min。DLS结果表明，微胶囊尺寸为484.4 nm，多分散指数较小。TGA结果表明载药效率约为77%，溶血试验表明BSA/AM微囊在较低浓度（低于50 μg·mL -1 ）下没有细胞毒性。