BP’s Deepwater Horizon oil spill in April 2010 was a major test of the National Incident Management System (NIMS), which the United States federal government mandates for response to all disasters. At the time, this disaster was perhaps the greatest event in scope and duration under NIMS disaster management guidelines since they were revised in 2008 (the third edition was published in 2017). Ten years later, NIMS provides procedures for operating a joint information center (JIC), but still offers no guidelines for ethical communication. This case study examines the ethical implications of 178 news releases distributed by the Deepwater Horizon Incident JIC. Qualitative analysis found that communication was conducted in an open, ethical manner, with few exceptions. Conflicts emerged, however, that may have compromised ethical standards. The authors conclude with recommendations to inform ethical decision making by JIC communicators.

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将伦理纳入灾害沟通战略：美国政府在深水地平线的案例

2010 年 4 月 BP 的深水地平线漏油事件是对美国联邦政府要求对所有灾害作出响应的国家事故管理系统 (NIMS) 的一次重大考验。当时，这场灾难可能是 NIMS 灾难管理指南自 2008 年修订（第三版于 2017 年出版）以来范围和持续时间最大的事件。十年后，NIMS 提供了运营联合信息中心 (JIC) 的程序，但仍然没有提供道德沟通指南。本案例研究考察了深水地平线事件 JIC 发布的 178 篇新闻稿的伦理影响。定性分析发现，沟通是以开放、合乎道德的方式进行的，几乎没有例外。然而，冲突出现了，这可能损害了道德标准。