The parent-child relationship is critically important for children's functioning and long-term outcomes. Although typically measured by self-report or global codes in observed interactions, parent-child interactions actually occur on a moment-to-moment basis, with frequent shifts in behavior and affect happening in each member of the dyad. Even so, moment-to-moment interactions in these dyads are rarely studied. We sought to illuminate how complementarity, or the extent to which behavior in one member of the dyad shapes that of the other, impacts the quality of the parent-child relationship. Parent-child dyads in 1,030 families completed a cooperative video-recorded task, after which each member of the dyad was rated on warmth and control twice a second. Results illustrated high levels of warmth and control complementarity in parent-child relationships, with mothers showing more complementarity than fathers and greater control complementarity relative to warmth complementarity. Results showed mother-child and father-child warmth complementarity was associated with increased parent-child reciprocity, whereas mother-child and father-child control complementarity was associated with increased parent-child cooperation. In addition, father-child warmth complementarity was associated with a decrease in observed father-child conflict and an increase in father-child cooperation. Finally, father-child control complementarity was associated with a decrease in observed father-child reciprocity. However, no significant associations were found between complementarity and family reports of parental involvement or conflict with child. Results highlight complementarity as an important part of parent-child interactions but also indicate it is relationship- and domain specific. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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人际互补性作为亲子关系质量的预测指标。

亲子关系对于儿童的功能和长期结果至关重要。尽管通常通过观察互动中的自我报告或全局代码来衡量，但亲子互动实际上是每时每刻都发生的，二人组中每个成员的行为和影响都会频繁发生变化。即便如此，人们也很少研究这些二人组中即时的相互作用。我们试图阐明互补性，或者说二人组中一个成员的行为在多大程度上影响另一个成员的行为，如何影响亲子关系的质量。1030个家庭的亲子二人组完成了一项合作录像任务，之后对每个成员的温暖度和控制力每秒进行两次评分。结果表明，亲子关系中的温暖性和控制性互补性较高，母亲比父亲表现出更多的互补性，并且相对于温暖性互补性，控制性互补性更强。结果显示，母子和父子温暖互补与亲子互惠增加相关，而母子和父子控制互补与亲子合作增加相关。此外，父子温暖互补性与观察到的父子冲突减少和父子合作增加相关。最后，父子控制互补性与观察到的父子互​​惠性的减少有关。然而，互补性与父母参与或与孩子冲突的家庭报告之间没有发现显着关联。结果强调互补性是亲子互动的重要组成部分，但也表明它是特定于关系和领域的。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。