The legal system for prevention and control of a public health crisis rests on two pillars: human rights protection and good governance. This duality is well illustrated by substantively equal treatment of vulnerable groups in a pandemic from the perspectives of public service, social inclusion, accessible environment, gender equality, and right to health. A review of literature on this topic shows that current research needs to address the gap between “life supremacy” and “equal protection” in the area of human rights protection, and the gap between “putting people first” and “strict control at the grassroots level” in the area of good governance. The research should employ intersectional methodology to highlight the rights logic of the socialist legal system and the key role of the Communist Party of China’s leadership in balancing individual versus community rights, enhancing the governance capability for participation by multiple social agents, ensuring equal protection for disadvantaged groups, promoting inclusive and sustainable development, and realizing the common prosperity of all the people.

预防和控制公共卫生危机的法律体系有两大支柱：人权保护和善治。从公共服务、社会包容、无障碍环境、性别平等和健康权的角度来看，在大流行中对弱势群体的实质性平等待遇很好地说明了这种二元性。回顾该主题的文献表明，当前的研究需要解决人权保护领域“生命至上”与“平等保护”的差距，以及“以人为本”与“基层从严管控”的差距。水平”在善治领域。