Through a series of case studies, this paper examines Flemish fifteenth and early sixteenth century paintings of the Annunciation in a domestic setting as an example of how the materiality and the spiritual dimension form two inseparable aspects of devotional practice. After questioning whether these paintings reflect contemporary interiors and practices of domestic devotion, the paper discusses their use as historical sources by addressing the domestic iconography of the Annunciation as a Flemish artistic tradition. It argues that it is necessary to consider these paintings as artworks to understand their primary role as devotional objects.

中文翻译：

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佛兰芒报喜的方法是什么？

通过一系列案例研究，本文以家庭环境中的佛兰芒 15 世纪和 16 世纪早期的天使报喜绘画为例，说明物质性和精神性维度如何形成灵修实践的两个不可分割的方面。在质疑这些画作是否反映了当代室内设计和家庭虔诚的实践之后，本文讨论了它们作为历史资料的使用，将天使报喜的国内肖像画作为佛兰德艺术传统。它认为有必要将这些画作视为艺术品，以了解它们作为虔诚对象的主要作用。