The intestinal barrier protects the host against gut microbes, food antigens, and toxins present in the gastrointestinal tract. However, gut barrier integrity can be affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including genetic predisposition, the Western diet, antibiotics, alcohol, circadian rhythm disruption, psychological stress, and aging. Chronic disruption of the gut barrier can lead to translocation of microbial components into the body, producing systemic, low-grade inflammation. While the association between gut barrier integrity and inflammation in intestinal diseases is well established, we review here recent studies indicating that the gut barrier and microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the development of metabolic, autoimmune, and aging-related disorders. Emerging interventions to improve gut barrier integrity and microbiota composition are also described.

肠道屏障保护宿主免受胃肠道中存在的肠道微生物、食物抗原和毒素的侵害。然而，肠道屏障的完整性会受到内在和外在因素的影响，包括遗传倾向、西方饮食、抗生素、酒精、昼夜节律紊乱、心理压力和衰老。肠道屏障的慢性破坏会导致微生物成分转移到体内，从而产生全身性的低度炎症。虽然肠道屏障完整性与肠道疾病炎症之间的关联已经确立，但我们在此回顾最近的研究，这些研究表明肠道屏障和微生物群失调可能有助于代谢、自身免疫和衰老相关疾病的发展。