Colors were ubiquitous in the medieval world, and castles were no exception. While in the eyes of most people their rich color schemes manifested power and wealth, some could also read the more nuanced messages these colors conveyed. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the use and role of color in the interiors of castles of medieval Bohemia and Poland. The picture is complemented by the analysis of color decorations of defensive residences of the Teutonic Order. The discussion takes into account the varying states of preservation and draws from the available written accounts. To present the most complete picture possible, we discuss royal residences, for which unfortunately limited data are available, as well as the better-preserved castles of dukes and knights. We discuss the identified iconographic programs and their chivalric, heraldic, and hagiographic motifs. Within the scope of our discussion are late forms of floral decorations, known as “green chambers”. The numerous examples presented in the paper prove that color was an important tool of visual social communication in castle architecture: it complemented the symbolism, and sometimes carried an independent message.

中文翻译：

---

当今波兰和捷克共和国中世纪城堡建筑的色彩

颜色在中世纪世界无处不在，城堡也不例外。虽然在大多数人眼中，它们丰富的配色方案体现了权力和财富，但有些人也可以阅读这些颜色所传达的更细微的信息。本文的主要目的是讨论色彩在中世纪波希米亚和波兰城堡内部的使用和作用。对条顿骑士团防御性住宅的色彩装饰的分析对图片进行了补充。讨论考虑了不同的保存状态，并借鉴了可用的书面记录。为了呈现尽可能完整的画面，我们讨论了皇家住宅，不幸的是，这些住宅的数据有限，以及保存较好的公爵和骑士城堡。我们讨论了确定的图像程序及其骑士精神，纹章和圣徒图案。在我们讨论的范围内是后期的花卉装饰形式，被称为“绿室”。论文中提出的众多例子证明，颜色是城堡建筑中视觉社会交流的重要工具：它补充了象征意义，有时还带有独立的信息。