ABSTRACT

Promoting sustainable agriculture and improving nutrition are the main united nation sustainable development goals by 2030. New technologies are required to achieve zero hunger, and genome editing technology is the most promising one. In the last decade, genome editing (GE) using the CRISPR/Cas system has attracted researchers as a safer and easy tool for genome editing in several living organisms. GE has revolutionized the field of agriculture by improving biotic and abiotic stresses and yield improvement. GE technologies were developed fast lately to avoid the obstacles that face GM crops. GE technology, depending on site directed nuclease (SDN), is divided into three categories according to the modification methods. Developing transgenic-free edited plants without introducing foreign DNA meet the acceptance and regulatory ratification of several countries. There are several ongoing efforts from different countries that are rapidly expanding to adopt the current technological innovations. This review summarizes the different GE technologies and their application as a way to help in ending hunger.

摘要

促进可持续农业和改善营养是联合国到2030年可持续发展的主要目标。实现零饥饿需要新技术，而基因组编辑技术是最有前途的技术。在过去的十年中，使用 CRISPR/Cas 系统的基因组编辑 (GE) 吸引了研究人员，因为它是一种在多种生物体中进行基因组编辑的更安全、简单的工具。GE 通过改善生物和非生物胁迫以及提高产量，彻底改变了农业领域。转基因技术最近发展迅速，以避免转基因作物面临的障碍。GE技术依赖于定点核酸酶（SDN），根据修饰方法分为三类。开发不引入外来 DNA 的非转基因编辑植物符合多个国家的接受和监管批准。不同国家正在进行多项努力，并正在迅速扩大以采用当前的技术创新。这篇综述总结了不同的基因工程技术及其应用，作为帮助消除饥饿的一种方法。