There is an urgent need for agriculture in general, and for viticulture in particular, to reduce their impacts on the environment. Doing so requires an approach that supports transitioning to more environmentally friendly practices. Involving farmers and agricultural advisors is key to lifting technical, economic, and social barriers to this transition. Participatory methods can help to consider specific contexts and concerns, but few suitable tools are available. We developed a methodological framework to address both environmental and economic dimensions at the field and farm scales in three participatory ecodesign workshops with winegrowers. We applied our framework to the ecodesign of pathways of technical operations in the Middle Loire Valley, France. The first two workshops focused on the field scale, and group interactions were facilitated using a serious game and a “live” assessment of the environmental performance of the ecodesigned system. The third workshop focused on implementation at farm level. The aggregated environmental impact of the ecodesigned farm decreased by 4%, while the economic performance of its four pathways of technical operations improved. We showed that combining environmental and economic assessment tools, suitable for use in participatory workshops, addresses most mechanisms for and barriers to changing practices at the farm scale. The typology of activities at the farm scale allows farm characteristics and the diversity of production systems to be represented in the ecodesign without over-complicating the process. The use of farm maps takes advantage of the collective expertise of the group and increases participant involvement. This process highlighted the need to continue to extend the scope and criteria of ecodesign to decrease environmental impacts even more. Here, we show for the first time the need to quantify the influence of a farm’s environmental practices on its economic performance to reduce the perception of risk and facilitate adoption of these practices.

总体而言，迫切需要农业，特别是葡萄栽培，以减少其对环境的影响。这样做需要一种支持向更环保的做法过渡的方法。让农民和农业顾问参与是消除这一过渡的技术、经济和社会障碍的关键。参与式方法可以帮助考虑特定的背景和关注点，但很少有合适的工具可用。我们开发了一个方法框架，在与葡萄种植者的三个参与式生态设计研讨会中解决田间和农场规模的环境和经济维度。我们将我们的框架应用于法国卢瓦尔河谷中部技术运营路径的生态设计。前两个研讨会侧重于现场规模，通过严肃的游戏和对生态设计系统的环境绩效的“实时”评估，促进了小组互动。第三次研讨会侧重于农场层面的实施。生态设计农场的总体环境影响下降了 4%，而其四种技术运营途径的经济绩效有所改善。我们表明，适合在参与式研讨会中使用的环境和经济评估工具相结合，可以解决农场规模变化的大多数机制和障碍。农场规模的活动类型允许农场特征和生产系统的多样性在生态设计中得到体现，而不会过度复杂化过程。农场地图的使用利用了团队的集体专业知识并增加了参与者的参与度。这一过程强调需要继续扩大生态设计的范围和标准，以进一步减少对环境的影响。在这里，我们首次展示了量化农场环境实践对其经济绩效的影响的必要性，以减少对风险的感知并促进采用这些实践。