Water is a key factor in attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of poverty elimination and hunger eradication. The regions of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia (SA) are stricken with absolute poverty, with 70% of the world's poor. These regions are mainly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. Diverse rural livelihoods in SSA and SA demand water interventions with more fruitful and effective outcomes in terms of poverty reduction. Existing water resources are not yet fully exploited in SSA and SA as these regions have a significant potential of 43 and 169 million ha, respectively, for irrigated agriculture through various water interventions. Various water interventions to alleviate poverty through better agricultural productivity across SSA and SA have been identified in this study. Major water intervention options identified include actions to: improve rain water management in rain-fed agriculture, facilitate community-based small-scale irrigation schemes, development and management of groundwater irrigation, interventions to upgrade and modernize existing irrigation systems, facilitate and improve livestock production and promote multiple uses of water. Investment in these water interventions will certainly help to break the poverty trap across diverse rural communities of SSA and SA.

中文翻译：

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通过水干预减少贫困：对撒哈拉以南非洲和南亚方法的回顾

水是实现消除贫困和消除饥饿的可持续发展目标 (SDG) 的关键因素。撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）和南亚（SA）地区存在绝对贫困，占世界贫困人口的70%。这些地区主要以农业为生。SSA 和 SA 中多样化的农村生计要求水干预措施在减贫方面取得更丰硕和有效的成果。SSA 和 SA 的现有水资源尚未得到充分利用，因为这些地区通过各种水干预措施分别具有 43 和 1.69 亿公顷的巨大潜力用于灌溉农业。本研究确定了通过提高 SSA 和 SA 的农业生产力来减轻贫困的各种水干预措施。确定的主要水干预方案包括以下行动：改善雨养农业的雨水管理、促进以社区为基础的小规模灌溉计划、地下水灌溉的开发和管理、现有灌溉系统升级和现代化的干预措施、促进和改善畜牧业生产促进水的多种用途。对这些水干预措施的投资肯定有助于打破 SSA 和 SA 不同农村社区的贫困陷阱。