With the growing involvement of fathers in childrearing and the application of neuroscientific tools to research on parenting, there is a need to understand how a father's brain and neurohormonal systems accommodate the transition to parenthood and how such neurobiological changes impact children's mental health, sociality, and family functioning. In this paper, we present a theoretical model on the human father’s brain and the neural adaptations that take place when fathers assume an involved role. The neurobiology of fatherhood shows great variability across individuals, societies, and cultures and is shaped to a great extent by bottom-up caregiving experiences and the amount of childrearing responsibilities. Mechanisms of mother-father coparental brain coordination and hormonal correlates of paternal behavior are detailed. Adaptations in the father’s brain during pregnancy and across the postpartum year carry long-term implications for children's emotion regulation, stress management, and symptom formation. We propose a new conceptual model of HEALthy Father Brain that describes how a father’s brain serves as a source of resilience in the context of family adversity and its capacity to “heal”, protect, and foster social brain maturation and functionality in family members via paternal sensitivity, attunement, and support, which, in turn, promote child development and healthy family functioning. Father’s brain provides a unique model on neural plasticity as sustained by committed acts of caregiving, thereby affording a novel perspective on the brain basis of human affiliation.

随着父亲越来越多地参与育儿以及神经科学工具在育儿研究中的应用，有必要了解父亲的大脑和神经激素系统如何适应向父母的过渡，以及这些神经生物学变化如何影响孩子的心理健康、社交和社交能力。家庭运作。在本文中，我们提出了一个关于人类父亲大脑的理论模型，以及当父亲承担相关角色时发生的神经适应。父亲的神经生物学在个人、社会和文化之间表现出巨大的差异，并且在很大程度上受到自下而上的照顾经历和育儿责任的影响。详细介绍了母亲-父亲共同父母大脑协调的机制和父亲行为的激素相关性。在怀孕期间和产后一年中父亲大脑的适应对孩子的情绪调节、压力管理和症状形成具有长期影响。我们提出了一个新的概念模型治愈你的父亲大脑，描述父亲的大脑如何在家庭逆境中充当复原力的来源，以及它通过父亲的敏感性、协调和支持“治愈”、保护和促进家庭成员的社会大脑成熟和功能的能力，这反过来又促进了儿童的发展和健康的家庭运作。父亲的大脑提供了一个独特的神经可塑性模型，由承诺的照顾行为维持，从而为人类隶属关系的大脑基础提供了一个新的视角。