The diverse biological activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6) contributes to the maintenance of homeostasis. Emergent infection or tissue injury induces rapid production of IL-6 and activates host defense through augmentation of acute-phase proteins and immune responses. However, excessive IL-6 production and uncontrolled IL-6 receptor signaling are critical to pathogenesis. Over the years, therapeutic agents targeting IL-6 signaling, such as tocilizumab, a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, have shown remarkable efficacy for rheumatoid arthritis, Castleman disease, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and their efficacy in other diseases is continually being reported. Emerging evidence has demonstrated the benefit of tocilizumab for several types of acute inflammatory diseases, including cytokine storms induced by chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we refocus attention on the biology of IL-6 and summarize the distinct pathological roles of IL-6 signaling in several acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.

中文翻译：

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重温 IL-6：从类风湿关节炎到 CAR T 细胞疗法和 COVID-19

白细胞介素 6 (IL-6) 的多种生物活性有助于维持体内平衡。紧急感染或组织损伤会诱导 IL-6 快速产生，并通过增强急性期蛋白和免疫反应来激活宿主防御。然而，过量的 IL-6 产生和不受控制的 IL-6 受体信号传导对于发病机制至关重要。多年来，针对IL-6信号传导的治疗药物，如人源化抗IL-6受体抗体托珠单抗（tocilizumab），在类风湿性关节炎、Castleman病和幼年特发性关节炎方面已显示出显着疗效，并且其在其他疾病中的疗效也在不断发展。被举报。新的证据表明托珠单抗对多种类型的急性炎症性疾病有益处，包括嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞疗法诱导的细胞因子风暴和 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19)。在这里，我们重新关注 IL-6 的生物学，并总结了 IL-6 信号在几种急性和慢性炎症性疾病中的独特病理作用。