The solid-phase microextraction (SPME), invented by Pawliszyn in 1989, today has a renewed and growing use and interest in the scientific community with fourteen techniques currently available on the market. The miniaturization of traditional sample preparation devices fulfills the new request of an environmental friendly analytical chemistry. The recent upswing of these solid-phase microextraction technologies has brought new availability and range of robotic automation. The microextraction solutions propose today on the market can cover a wide variety of analytical fields and applications. This review reports on the state-of-the-art innovative solid-phase microextraction techniques, especially those used for chromatographic separation and mass-spectrometric detection, given the recent improvements in availability and range of automation techniques. The progressively implemented solid-phase microextraction techniques and related automated commercially available devices are classified and described to offer a valuable tool to summarize their potential combinations to face all the laboratories requirements in terms of analytical applications, robustness, sensitivity, and throughput.

中文翻译：

---

先进的固相微萃取技术和相关自动化：商业可用技术的回顾

由 Pawliszyn 于 1989 年发明的固相微萃取 (SPME) 凭借目前市场上可用的 14 种技术，在科学界得到了更新和日益增长的使用和兴趣。传统样品制备设备的小型化满足了对环境友好的分析化学的新要求。这些固相微萃取技术最近的兴起带来了机器人自动化的新可用性和范围。目前市场上提出的微萃取解决方案可以涵盖广泛的分析领域和应用。这篇综述报告了最先进的创新固相微萃取技术，特别是那些用于色谱分离和质谱检测的技术，鉴于最近在自动化技术的可用性和范围方面的改进。逐步实施的固相微萃取技术和相关的自动化商用设备被分类和描述，以提供有价值的工具来总结它们的潜在组合，以应对分析应用、稳健性、灵敏度和吞吐量方面的所有实验室要求。