Abstract

The paper discusses the current trends in water disinfection technologies in the operation of swimming pools. Organic substances added to water by personnel or users, when interacting with a disinfectant, are transformed into disinfection by-products (DBPs), the toxicity of which is often unknown. Oxidative technologies are helpful to disinfect water, decrease the concentration of DBPs, and remove already formed compounds. Among the existing methods of water disinfection in swimming pools, the most effective methods are ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in combination with the technology of oxidation of organic compounds. This approach not only comprehensively disinfects the water in the pool but also limits the appearance of disinfection. In this work, we used ultraviolet disinfection of water together with ozonation. The UV dose was measured using a Tensor-31 radiometer. Colony-forming bacteria were controlled according to the requirements of SanPIN 2.1.2.1183-03. The experimental results showed that disinfection of water in the pool using prefiltration and UV irradiation does ensure inactivation of microorganisms, since the total microbial count and total coliforms CFU/cm³ exceed the permissible limits after 48 h. We developed an effective technology for disinfecting water in swimming pools, including an installation of combined action of UV irradiation and ozonation implemented by low-pressure lamps. The installation ensures the necessary irradiance of water at a level of >250 W/m² and additional ozonation with a dose of ~0.1 g of introduced ozone per 1 m³ of water. Additional ozonation keeps the total microbial number below 24 CFU/cm³, and the residual ozone concentration in water did not exceed 0.015 mg/dm³. For a 75-m³ pool, two installations with a capacity of 8 m³/h ensure the bacteriological purity of water, yielding an irradiance of >250 W/m² and injecting 0.1 g/m³ of ozone. The concentration of ozone in water does not exceed 0.015 mg/dm³.

中文翻译：

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紫外线和臭氧对游泳池水的消毒

摘要

本文讨论了游泳池运营中水消毒技术的当前趋势。人员或用户添加到水中的有机物质在与消毒剂相互作用时会转化为消毒副产物 (DBP)，其毒性通常是未知的。氧化技术有助于对水进行消毒、降低 DBP 的浓度并去除已经形成的化合物。在现有的游泳池水消毒方法中，最有效的方法是紫外线（UV）照射结合有机化合物氧化技术。这种做法不仅对池中的水进行了全面消毒，而且限制了消毒的出现。在这项工作中，我们将水的紫外线消毒与臭氧消毒结合使用。使用 Tensor-31 辐射计测量紫外线剂量。菌落形成菌按要求控制三品 2.1.2.1183-03 . 实验结果表明，使用预过滤和紫外线照射对池水进行消毒确实确保了微生物的灭活，因为 48 小时后微生物总数和总大肠菌群 CFU/cm ³超过了允许的限度。我们开发了一种对游泳池水进行消毒的有效技术，包括通过低压灯实现紫外线照射和臭氧的联合作用装置。该装置确保水的必要辐照度 >250 W/m ^{2和额外的臭氧化，每 1 m 3}水中引入的臭氧剂量约为 0.1 g 。额外的臭氧处理使总微生物数量保持在 24 CFU/cm ^3以下，水中残留臭氧浓度不超过0.015 mg/dm ³。对于一个 75-m ³池，两个容量为 8 m ³ /h 的装置可确保水的细菌纯度，产生 >250 W/m ²的辐照度并注入 0.1 g/m ³的臭氧。水中臭氧的浓度不超过 0.015 mg/dm ³。