Child maltreatment gives rise to atypical patterns of social functioning with peers which might be particularly pronounced in early adolescence when peer influence typically peaks. Yet, few neuroimaging studies in adolescents use peer interaction paradigms to parse neural correlates of distinct maltreatment exposures. This fMRI study examines effects of abuse, neglect, and emotional maltreatment (EM) among 98 youth (n = 58 maltreated; n = 40 matched controls) using an event-related Cyberball paradigm affording assessment of both social exclusion and inclusion across early and mid-adolescence (≤13.5 years, n = 50; >13.5 years, n = 48). Younger adolescents showed increased activation to social exclusion versus inclusion in regions implicated in mentalizing (e.g., superior temporal gyrus). Individual exposure-specific analyses suggested that neglect and EM coincided with less reduction of activation to social exclusion relative to inclusion in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/pre-supplementary motor area (dACC/pre-SMA) among younger versus older adolescents. Integrative follow-up analyses showed that EM accounted for this dACC/pre-SMA activation pattern over and above other exposures. Moreover, age-independent results within respective exposure groups revealed that greater magnitude of neglect predicted blunted exclusion-related activity in the parahippocampal gyrus, while EM predicted increased activation to social exclusion in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex.

虐待儿童会导致与同龄人的社会功能异常模式，这在青春期早期尤其明显，此时同龄人的影响力通常达到顶峰。然而，很少有针对青少年的神经影像学研究使用同伴互动范式来解析不同虐待暴露的神经相关性。这项 fMRI 研究使用事件相关的 Cyber​​ball 范式对 98 名青年（n  = 58 名受虐待；n  = 40 名匹配的对照组）调查虐待、忽视和情感虐待 (EM) 的影响，该范式提供早期和中期的社会排斥和包容评估-青春期（≤13.5 岁，n  = 50；>13.5 岁，n = 48). 较年轻的青少年在与心理化有关的区域（例如，颞上回）表现出更多的社会排斥激活与包容。个体暴露特定分析表明，与年龄较大的青少年相比，忽视和 EM 与社会排斥的激活减少相对于包含在背侧前扣带皮层/前补充运动区 (dACC/pre-SMA) 中的情况一致。综合后续分析表明，EM 解释了这种 dACC/pre-SMA 激活模式，高于其他暴露。此外，各个暴露组中与年龄无关的结果表明，更大程度的忽视预示着海马旁回中与排斥相关的活动减弱，而 EM 预示着楔前叶/后扣带皮层中对社会排斥的激活增加。