Establishing factors that affect contaminants including potentially toxic metals in a freshwater and its surrounding soil is necessary to control the transfer of toxins into the food chain. We documented the seasonality in temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), soil organic carbon (SOC), pH, and water color on the behavior of toxic metals in water and soil of Lake Nike. Slope and seasons statistically related significantly (p < 0.05) with DO and SOC. Only Ni was not statistically related significantly to pH, water color, and temperature of the water, while mercury and cadmium statistically related significantly to the soil pH. Temperature and pH were within the WHO safety limits which are 20–32 °C and 6.5–8.5, respectively, in both water and soil samples. Potentially toxic metals levels for lead (Pb) (0.47–2.10 mg/L), mercury (Hg) (0.57–2.01 mg/L), cadmium (Cd) (0.34–1.82 mg/L), and nickel (Ni) (0.56–2.09 mg/L) exceeded the 0.01, 0.001, 0.003, and 0.02 mg/L WHO safety limits, respectively, while Zinc (Zn) level which ranged from 0.24 to 2.51 mg/L was within the WHO limit (5 mg/L) and the standard organization of Nigeria (SON) limit (3.0 mg/L) in both seasons. From our study, Lake Nike could be relatively toxic, and unsafe for aquatic habitation and human consumption.

确定影响污染物的因素，包括淡水及其周围土壤中的潜在有毒金属，对于控制毒素转移到食物链中是必要的。我们记录了温度、溶解氧 (DO)、土壤有机碳 (SOC)、pH 和水色对耐克湖水和土壤中有毒金属行为的季节性影响。坡度和季节在统计上显着相关 ( p < 0.05) 与 DO 和 SOC。只有 Ni 与水的 pH 值、水色和温度没有显着相关性，而汞和镉与土壤 pH 值有显着相关性。在水和土壤样品中，温度和 pH 值分别在 20-32 °C 和 6.5-8.5 的 WHO 安全范围内。铅 (Pb) (0.47–2.10 mg/L)、汞 (Hg) (0.57–2.01 mg/L)、镉 (Cd) (0.34–1.82 mg/L) 和镍 (Ni) ( 0.56–2.09 mg/L) 分别超过 0.01、0.001、0.003 和 0.02 mg/L WHO 安全限值，而锌 (Zn) 水平在 0.24 至 2.51 mg/L 范围内则在 WHO 限值内 (5 mg/L) L) 和尼日利亚标准组织 (SON) 两个季节的限值 (3.0 mg/L)。根据我们的研究，耐克湖可能相对有毒，