As food retailers open, close, and change ownership, the resulting instability in local food environments can affect food access and health. Gentrification, and its associated socioeconomic changes, can be a factor in destabilizing food environments. This study examined food retail in lower income, gentrifying, and higher income census tracts in the Bronx, New York, in 2008 and 2017 to analyze the level of instability of retailers over this period. We created an instability index and tested unweighted and weighted variants to examine disruptions in food retail over time, within and across different food retail segments. We argue that, compared to an unweighted version of the index, a weighted index better captures meaningful food environment changes. The results of this weighted index show that although the odds of food retail change varied among segments and census tract types, gentrifying neighborhoods were not particularly vulnerable to food retail changes in the Bronx compared to lower income and higher income neighborhoods. Our weighted instability index can be applied to other contexts and commercial sectors to track the status of retailers over time and across neighborhoods.

随着食品零售商的开张、关闭和所有权变更，当地食品环境的不稳定可能会影响食品获取和健康。高档化及其相关的社会经济变化可能是破坏食物环境稳定的一个因素。本研究调查了 2008 年和 2017 年纽约布朗克斯区低收入、高档化和高收入人口普查区的食品零售，以分析这一时期零售商的不稳定性水平。我们创建了一个不稳定性指数，并测试了未加权和加权变量，以检查食品零售在不同食品零售领域内和跨领域内随时间的中断情况。我们认为，与指数的未加权版本相比，加权指数更好地捕捉有意义的食物环境变化。该加权指数的结果表明，尽管食品零售变化的几率因细分市场和人口普查区类型而异，但与低收入和高收入社区相比，高档社区并不特别容易受到布朗克斯食品零售变化的影响。我们的加权不稳定性指数可以应用于其他环境和商业部门，以跟踪零售商在一段时间内和跨社区的状态。