Cannabis is now legal in many countries and while numerous studies have reported on its impact on cognition and appetite regulation, none have examined fatty acid metabolism in young cannabis users. We conducted an exploratory analysis to evaluate cannabis impact on fatty acid metabolism in cannabis users (n = 21) and non-cannabis users (n = 16). Serum levels of some saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, including palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids were higher in cannabis users compared to nonusers. As palmitic acid can be derived from diet or lipogenesis from sugars, we evaluated lipogenesis using a de novo lipogenesis index (palmitate/linoleic acid) and carbon-specific isotope analysis, which allows for the determination of fatty acid ¹³C signature. The significantly higher de novo lipogenesis index in the cannabis users group along with a more enriched ¹³C signature of palmitic acid suggested an increase in lipogenesis. In addition, while serum glucose concentration did not differ between groups, pyruvate and lactate were lower in the cannabis user group, with pyruvate negatively correlating with palmitic acid. Furthermore, the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol was elevated in cannabis users and could contribute to lipogenesis by activating the cannabinoid receptor 1. Because palmitic acid has been suggested to increase inflammation, we measured peripheral cytokines and observed no changes in inflammatory cytokines. Finally, an anti-inflammatory metabolite of palmitic acid, palmitoylethanolamide was elevated in cannabis users. Our results suggest that lipogenic activity is increased in cannabis users; however, future studies, including prospective studies that control dietary intake are required.

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血清脂质分析和同位素富集提示年轻的长期大麻使用者脂肪生成更多：病例对照研究的二次分析

大麻现在在许多国家是合法的，虽然许多研究报告了它对认知和食欲调节的影响，但没有研究检查年轻大麻使用者的脂肪酸代谢。我们进行了一项探索性分析，以评估大麻对大麻使用者（ n  = 21）和非大麻使用者（n  = 16）脂肪酸代谢的影响。与非使用者相比，大麻使用者的一些饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸（包括棕榈酸、棕榈油酸和油酸）的血清水平更高。由于棕榈酸可来源于饮食或糖类脂肪生成，我们使用从头脂肪生成指数（棕榈酸酯/亚油酸）和碳特异性同位素分析评估脂肪生成，从而确定脂肪酸¹³C签名。大麻使用者组的新脂肪生成指数明显更高，并且¹³棕榈酸的 C 特征表明脂肪生成增加。此外，虽然各组之间的血糖浓度没有差异，但大麻使用者组的丙酮酸和乳酸较低，丙酮酸与棕榈酸呈负相关。此外，内源性大麻素 2-花生四烯酸甘油酯在大麻使用者中升高，并可能通过激活大麻素受体 1 促进脂肪生成。因为棕榈酸被认为会增加炎症，我们测量了外周细胞因子，并没有观察到炎症细胞因子的变化。最后，棕榈酸的一种抗炎代谢物棕榈酰乙醇酰胺在大麻使用者中含量升高。我们的结果表明，大麻使用者的脂肪生成活性增加；然而，未来的研究，