Limited healthcare capacity highlights the needs of integrated and simple sensing systems for personalized health monitoring. However, only a limited set of sensors can be employed for point-of-care applications, emphasizing the lack of a generalizable engineering strategy for sensor construction. Here, we report a de novo rational engineering strategy for the construction of an integrated electrochemical liquid biopsy (ELB) platform capable of direct profiling cancer exosomes from blood. Using a bottom-up approach for sensor design, a series of critical sensing functions is considered and encoded into the material interface by programming the electrode material with different chemical and structure features. We present that the rationally engineered electrochemical liquid biopsy platform is able to achieve one-step sensor fabrication, target isolation, non-fouling and high-sensitivity sensing, direct signal transduction and multiplexed detection. Integrating the multiplexed sensing with principal component analysis, we demonstrate the capability of the programmed sensing system on differentiating cancerous groups from healthy controls by analyzing clinical samples from lung cancer patients.

中文翻译：

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将传感功能编码到材料界面中，用于合理设计的集成电化学液体活检

有限的医疗保健能力凸显了对个性化健康监测的集成和简单传感系统的需求。然而，只有有限的一组传感器可用于即时应用，强调缺乏用于传感器构造的通用工程策略。在这里，我们报告了一个从头构建能够直接从血液中分析癌症外泌体的集成电化学液体活检 (ELB) 平台的合理工程策略。使用自下而上的传感器设计方法，通过对具有不同化学和结构特征的电极材料进行编程，考虑了一系列关键传感功能并将其编码到材料界面中。我们提出合理设计的电化学液体活检平台能够实现一步传感器制造、目标隔离、无污染和高灵敏度传感、直接信号转导和多路检测。将多路传感与主成分分析相结合，