ABSTRACT

A body of literature on Cold War international history has studied the influence of modernisation theory in United States foreign relations with its authoritarian allies in the Third World during the 1950s and 1960s. However, this area of research has been much less interested in those Washington-friendlydictatorships that, as in the case of Francisco Franco’s regime in Spain, do not fit into the Third World analytical framework. This analysis assesses the contribution of modernisations doctrine principles to American foreign policy towards the Spanish dictatorship in the 1960s and considers how this theory provided the conceptual tools to justify the American collaboration with the Franco regime in the name of development, security, and long-term democratisation. It examines the role of modernisation as, on one hand, an interpretative framework for Spain’s economic and social evolution during that decade and, on the other, an instument of political legitimisation serving American strategic interests. In this way, this work sheds light on the ideological and intellectual underpinnings of the American alliance with the Franco dictatorship in a period of great challenges and transformations in Spain.

摘要

大量关于冷战国际历史的文献研究了现代化理论在 1950 年代和 1960 年代期间美国与其在第三世界的威权盟友的外交关系中的影响。然而，这一研究领域对华盛顿友好的独裁政权的兴趣要小得多，这些独裁政权就像弗朗西斯科·佛朗哥在西班牙的政权一样，不适合第三世界的分析框架。本分析评估了现代化理论原则对 1960 年代美国对西班牙独裁统治的外交政策的贡献，并考虑了该理论如何提供概念工具来证明美国以发展、安全和长期的名义与佛朗哥政权合作是正当的民主化。它一方面考察了现代化的作用，西班牙在这十年中的经济和社会演变的解释框架，另一方面，也是为美国战略利益服务的政治合法化工具。通过这种方式，这部作品揭示了在西班牙面临巨大挑战和变革的时期，美国与佛朗哥独裁政权结盟的意识形态和知识基础。