Purpose

Growing evidence indicates that experiencing household food insecurity during adolescence is associated with disordered eating and elevated body mass index (BMI). However, little is known about the temporal nature of these relationships. The current longitudinal study examined how adolescent experiences of household food insecurity are related to disordered eating and weight status 8 years later.

Methods

A population-based sample of ethnically/racially and socioeconomically diverse participants (n = 1,340) were surveyed as adolescents (mean age = 14.5 years) and as young adults (mean age = 22.0 years). Parents/caregivers completed the six-item U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module at baseline.

Results

Household food insecurity was common at baseline (37.8% of sample). In analyses adjusted for ethnicity/race and parental education, adolescent food insecurity longitudinally predicted a higher new onset of binge eating (food insecure: 21.3% vs. food secure: 16.2%, p = .038) and BMI ≥30 kg/m² (food insecure: 15.9% vs. food secure: 11.0%, p = .024), but not unhealthy weight control behaviors in young adulthood. The majority of adolescents with unhealthy weight control behaviors and elevated BMI still had these problems in young adulthood, but persistence was not associated with adolescent household food insecurity for any outcome.

Discussion

Results of this longitudinal study suggest that household food insecurity during adolescence is a risk factor for disordered eating and elevated BMI in young adulthood, highlighting a need to comprehensively address these intersecting problems.

中文翻译：

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青春期家庭粮食不安全预示着 8 年后饮食失调和体重指数升高

目的

越来越多的证据表明，青春期家庭粮食不安全与饮食失调和体重指数 (BMI) 升高有关。然而，人们对这些关系的时间性质知之甚少。目前的纵向研究调查了家庭粮食不安全的青少年经历如何与 8 年后饮食失调和体重状况相关。

方法

在青少年（平均年龄 = 14.5 岁）和年轻成人（平均年龄 = 22.0 岁）阶段，对种族/种族和社会经济多样化的参与者（n = 1,340）进行了人口样本调查。父母/看护人在基线时完成了包含六项内容的美国家庭食品安全调查模块。

结果

家庭粮食不安全在基线时很常见（占样本的 37.8%）。在针对种族/种族和父母教育进行调整的分析中，青少年食物不安全纵向预测暴饮暴食的新发率更高（食物不安全：21.3% vs. 食物安全：16.2%，p = .038）和 BMI ≥30 kg /  m ²（食品不安全：15.9% vs. 食品安全：11.0%，p  = .024），但不是年轻成年期不健康的体重控制行为。大多数具有不健康体重控制行为和 BMI 升高的青少年在成年初期仍然存在这些问题，但坚持不懈与青少年家庭粮食不安全的任何结果无关。

讨论

这项纵向研究的结果表明，青春期家庭粮食不安全是成年后饮食失调和 BMI 升高的一个危险因素，突出表明需要全面解决这些交叉问题。