This study aimed to review evidence on the associations between childhood emotional, physical and sexual abuse; neglect and bullying and early maladaptive schemas, as measured in adolescence. PubMed, PsycInfo and CINAHL were searched to identify peer-reviewed studies reporting original quantitative data on the association between early maladaptive schemas or schema domains (e.g., Disconnection and Rejection) and childhood emotional, physical and sexual abuse; neglect and bullying, measured in individuals aged up to 18 years. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the magnitude of the associations between schemas and childhood experiences. Twelve studies were included: Seven explored schemas, and five examined schema domains. Most studies had somewhat representative samples that were adequate in size, and all used validated measures of schemas or schema domains. Three studies explored emotional neglect, two each for emotional abuse, physical abuse and peer problems, one explored family violence and one adolescent stressors. Meta-analyses indicated small to medium pooled associations between emotional abuse and Emotional Deprivation, r = .33 (95% CI [.19, .46]) and Subjugation, r = .32 (95% CI [.14,.47]) and emotional neglect and Mistrust Abuse, r = .41 (95% CI [.32, .49]), Abandonment, r = .25 (95% CI [.22, .28]), Social Isolation r = .23 (95% CI [.10, .35]) and Failure, r = .35 (95% CI [.26, .44]). Associations between childhood abuse and neglect experiences and schemas were evident in adolescents. There were limited data on some adverse experiences including sexual abuse and neglect. The evidence thus far suggests that maladaptive schemas are related to experiences of childhood emotional abuse and neglect and are evident before adulthood.

中文翻译：

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青少年适应不良的图式和童年虐待和忽视：系统评价和荟萃分析

本研究旨在审查有关儿童情绪、身体和性虐待之间关联的证据；在青春期衡量的忽视和欺凌以及早期适应不良的图式。对 PubMed、PsycInfo 和 CINAHL 进行了搜索，以识别同行评议的研究，这些研究报告了有关早期适应不良图式或图式域（例如，断开和拒绝）与儿童情绪、身体和性虐待之间关联的原始定量数据；忽视和欺凌，在 18 岁以下的个体中测量。进行荟萃分析以估计图式与童年经历之间的关联程度。包括 12 项研究：7 项探索模式和 5 项检查模式域。大多数研究都有一些具有代表性的样本，这些样本的规模足够大，以及所有使用验证的模式或模式域的度量。三项研究探讨了情感忽视，两项针对情感虐待、身体虐待和同伴问题，一项探讨了家庭暴力，一项探讨了青少年压力源。荟萃分析表明情绪虐待和情绪剥夺之间存在中小型关联，r  = .33 (95% CI [.19, .46]) 和征服，r  = .32 (95% CI [.14,.47]) 和情感忽视和不信任滥用，r  = .41 (95% CI [.32, .49]), 放弃, r  = .25 (95% CI [.22, .28]), 社会隔离r  = .23 (95% CI [.10, .35]) 和失败, r  = .35 (95% CI [.26, .44])。在青少年中，童年虐待和忽视经历和模式之间的关联很明显。关于包括性虐待和忽视在内的一些不良经历的数据有限。迄今为止的证据表明，适应不良的图式与童年情感虐待和忽视的经历有关，并且在成年之前就很明显。