Responsibility frames potentially shape the public perception of health issues such as obesity, diabetes, or mental illness, specifically regarding responsibility attributions for their causes and treatment. Which responsibility frames prevail in the health context, and the responses they may elicit from audiences, has not been studied systematically. This systematic review includes studies with different methodological approaches published between 2004 and 2019 (N = 68). Content analyses (n = 56) show that different media attribute health responsibility most frequently, but not exclusively to individuals. Individual responsibility was especially emphasized for obesity, which was also the most studied health issue. Tendencies toward societal attributions of responsibility emerged over time, particularly regarding health risks for which the frames describe a specific cause (e.g., sugar, trans-fat). Experimental studies (n = 12) indicate that individual responsibility frames reduce policy support. The effects of responsibility frames were, however, not as clear-cut as expected with research gaps regarding behavioral and affective outcomes. Overall, there is a clear emphasis on noncommunicable diseases in this field. Finally, the conceptual focus on individual vs. societal health responsibility distracts from social network influences as another relevant health determinant. The implications for health communication are discussed.

责任框架可能会塑造公众对肥胖、糖尿病或精神疾病等健康问题的看法，特别是对其原因和治疗的责任归属。哪些责任框架在卫生环境中占主导地位，以及它们可能引起观众的反应，尚未得到系统研究。该系统评价包括 2004 年至 2019 年间发表的采用不同方法学方法的研究（N = 68）。内容分析（n= 56) 表明不同媒体最常将健康责任归咎于个人，但并不完全归咎于个人。个人责任尤其强调肥胖，这也是研究最多的健康问题。随着时间的推移，社会责任归属的趋势出现了，特别是关于框架描述特定原因（例如糖、反式脂肪）的健康风险。实验研究（n= 12) 表明个人责任框架减少了政策支持。然而，责任框架的影响并不像预期的那样明确，在行为和情感结果方面存在研究空白。总体而言，该领域明确强调非传染性疾病。最后，对个人与社会健康责任的概念关注分散了社会网络作为另一个相关健康决定因素的影响。讨论了对健康沟通的影响。