Black soldier fly (BSF) is one of the most promising species for the intensive breeding of insects given its adaptability and its efficiency in the conversion of waste. To maximize the production and use waste as substrates, it is essential to determine the larvae nutritional requirements. The study aims to evaluate the effects of 5 practical, semi-purified and isoenergetic diets (PSPID) with increasing protein levels (10%, CP10; 14%, CP14; 16%, CP16; 19%, CP19) on BSF life history traits. A total of 2000 six-day-old larvae were weighed and divided into groups of 100 (4 replicates/treatment [PSPID and Gainesville diet (GA) used as environmental control]). In larva-prepupa stage, sampling was carried out on 30 individuals/replicate, while in prepupa-adult stage on 35. In the whole larval stage, the CP16 treatment performed better when compared to the other groups. At 18 days old, the CP14 treatment showed a higher weight than the CP19 (P < 0.01), while the CP10 and CP16 weights were intermediate. On the contrary, the CP10 prepupae weight was higher than the CP19 (P < 0.01). The CP10 and CP14 pupae performed better in terms of weight when compared to the others (P < 0.01). The dietary treatments did not affect the adult parameters. The sex significantly influenced both the exuvia weight, which was the greatest in females (P < 0.001), and the fly lifespan, longest in males (P < 0.05). Fly lifespan was also influenced by the interaction between treatment and sex, with the CP19 females showing a longer life than the others (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the optimal protein level considering the whole larval stage is 16% on dry matter (DM). At 18 days old, looking at the size intended for the meal production, it can be considered 14% on DM. The result obtained on adult emergence in PSPID may not be attributable to the protein content. Further researches on macronutrients requirements determination have to be conducted to evaluate the substrates composition effects on BSF life history traits.

中文翻译：

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等能-实用和半纯化日粮用于测定 Hermetia illucens 幼虫的蛋白质需求：对生活史特征的影响

鉴于其适应性和废物转化效率，黑水虻 (BSF) 是最有前途的昆虫集约繁殖物种之一。为了最大限度地生产和使用废物作为基质，必须确定幼虫的营养需求。该研究旨在评估 5 种实​​用、半纯化和等能量饮食 (PSPID) 增加蛋白质水平（10%，CP10；14%，CP14；16%，CP16；19%，CP19）对 BSF 生活史特征的影响. 对总共 2000 只 6 天大的幼虫进行称重，并分成 100 只一组（4 次重复/处理 [PSPID 和盖恩斯维尔饮食 (GA) 用作环境控制]）。在幼虫-预蛹期，30 只个体/重复进行采样，而在预蛹-成虫阶段，35 只。在整个幼虫期，与其他组相比，CP16 治疗表现更好。在 18 日龄时，CP14 处理的体重高于 CP19（P < 0.01），而 CP10 和 CP16 的体重居中。相反，CP10 的预蛹重高于 CP19（P < 0.01）。与其他蛹相比，CP10 和 CP14 蛹的重量表现更好（P < 0.01）。饮食治疗不影响成人参数。性别显着影响雌性最大的蜕皮重量（P <0.001）和雄性最长的苍蝇寿命（P <0.05）。苍蝇的寿命也受到治疗和性别之间相互作用的影响，CP19 雌性比其他雌性寿命更长（P < 0.05）。综上所述，考虑到整个幼虫阶段的最佳蛋白质水平是干物质 (DM) 的 16%。在 18 天大时，考虑用于生产膳食的大小，可以认为 DM 为 14%。PSPID 中成虫出现的结果可能与蛋白质含量无关。必须进一步研究确定常量营养素的需求，以评估底物组成对 BSF 生活史特征的影响。