The characteristics and mechanism of hollow anammox granular sludge with different settling property were investigated through the analysis of morphology, structure and microbial community. According to settling property, the granules from an anammox continuous stirred-tank reactor were classified into settling granules (SG) benign floating granules (BFG) and malignant floating granules (MFG). As the settling performance deteriorated, the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content of the granules increased. The microstructure showed that the number of pores changed significantly for SG, BFG, and MFG. Transfer distance increased with increasing particle size. The analysis of EPS and rheological properties indicated that EPS is a key driving force of floating and proliferation in the lifecycle of hollow anammox granule. The results of microbial community revealed that EPS-hydrolyzing bacteria were biological factors that weaken structure strength of granule.

通过形态、结构和微生物群落分析，研究了不同沉降特性的中空厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的特性和机理。根据沉降特性，厌氧氨氧化连续搅拌釜反应器产生的颗粒分为沉降颗粒（SG）良性漂浮颗粒（BFG）和恶性漂浮颗粒（MFG）。随着沉降性能的恶化，颗粒的胞外聚合物（EPS）含量增加。微观结构表明，SG、BFG 和 MFG 的孔隙数量发生了显着变化。转移距离随着粒径的增加而增加。EPS和流变特性分析表明，EPS是厌氧氨氧化中空颗粒生命周期中漂浮和增殖的关键驱动力。