Tensile tests of five commercial Fe–Cr–Ni-based austenitic alloys were conducted after thermal hydrogen precharging in a pressurized gaseous environment. The divergence in Cr and Ni concentrations affected the hydrogen solubility significantly as well as the impacts of dissolved hydrogen on the mechanical performance of the alloy. Hydrogen solubility increased with increasing Cr content and Cr/Ni compositional ratio, bringing about an escalating solid-solution hardening with a magnitude of ≈ G/1000 (G: shear modulus) per atomic percent of solute hydrogen. Furthermore, hydrogen facilitated deformation twinning in alloys with relatively low stacking fault energy (lower Ni content), in which deformation twinning occurred even in a nonhydrogenated state. Augmenting the twin density enhanced the work-hardening capability at the later deformation stage, giving rise to the improvement of uniform elongation via retarded onset of plastic instability. Consolidating the experimental results and hitherto-understood hypothesis on the response to hydrogen of other austenitic materials, the essential conditions for promoting hydrogen-related strengthening and ductilization were deduced.

在加压气体环境中进行热氢预充后，对五种商用 Fe-Cr-Ni 基奥氏体合金进行了拉伸试验。Cr和Ni浓度的差异显着影响氢溶解度以及溶解氢对合金机械性能的影响。氢溶解度随着 Cr 含量和 Cr/Ni 成分比的增加而增加，导致固溶强化程度不断提高，幅度为 ≈ G /1000 ( G: 剪切模量）每原子百分比的溶质氢。此外，氢促进了层错能相对较低（Ni含量较低）的合金中的变形孪晶，其中即使在非氢化状态下也会发生变形孪晶。增加孪晶密度可提高变形后期的加工硬化能力，从而通过延缓塑性不稳定性的发生来提高均匀伸长率。结合实验结果和迄今为止对其他奥氏体材料对氢响应的假设，推导了促进氢相关强化和延展化的必要条件。