Subcritical water extraction (SWE) was used to extract bioactive parishin B (PB) and parishin C (PC) from Gastrodiae Rhizoma. Extraction conditions were optimized by Box-Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The highest yield of PB was 7.46 ± 0.18 mg/g when the solid/liquid ratio (SLR) was 4.5 mg/mL at an extraction temperature of 118 °C and extraction time of 50 min, and the highest yield of PC was 5.27 ± 0.07 mg/g when the SLR was 22 mg/mL at an extraction temperature of 145 °C and extraction time of 23 min. Compared with heating reflux extraction the yield of PB was about 1.3 times higher, and that of PC about 2.6 times higher; Compared with ultrasound assisted extraction the yield of PB was about 3 times higher, and that of PC about 6 times higher. Degradation of parishin A by SWE showed that the increasing mechanism of PB and PC mainly attributed to the conversion of PA into PB and PC. This study suggests that SWE was an efficient and green way to extract natural products with greater values.

亚临界水萃取 (SWE) 用于从天麻中提取生物活性 parishin B (PB) 和 parishin C (PC)。通过响应面法 (RSM) 的 Box-Behnken 设计 (BBD) 优化提取条件。当固液比（SLR）为4.5 mg/mL、提取温度118 ℃、提取时间50 min时，PB的最高得率为7.46 ± 0.18 mg/g，PC的最高得率为5.27 ± 0.07 mg/g，当 SLR 为 22 mg/mL，提取温度为 145 °C，提取时间为 23 分钟时。与加热回流萃取相比，PB的收率提高了1.3倍左右，PC收率提高了2.6倍左右；与超声辅助提取相比，PB的得率高出约3倍，PC的得率高出约6倍。SWE对parishin A的降解表明PB和PC的增加机制主要归因于PA转化为PB和PC。该研究表明，SWE 是一种高效、绿色的提取天然产物的方法，具有更高的价值。