Impurities hosted in semiconducting solid matrices represent an extensively studied platform for quantum computing applications. In this scenario, the so-called flip-flop qubit emerges as a convenient choice for scalable implementations in silicon. Flip-flop qubits are realized implanting phosphorous donor in isotopically purified silicon, and encoding the logical states in the donor nuclear spin and in its bound electron. Electrically modulating the hyperfine interaction by applying a vertical electric field causes an Electron Dipole Spin Resonance (EDSR) transition between the states with antiparallel spins $\{|\downarrow \Uparrow \rangle ,|\uparrow \Downarrow \rangle \}$ , that are chosen as the logical states. When two qubits are considered, the dipole-dipole interaction is exploited to establish long-range coupling between them. A universal set of quantum gates for flip-flop qubits is here proposed and the effect of a realistic 1/f noise on the gate fidelity is investigated for the single qubit $R_{z}(-\frac{\pi }{2})$ and Hadamard gate and for the two-qubit $\sqrt{\mathit{iSWAP}}$ gate.

中文翻译：

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存在 1/f 噪声的触发器量子比特的通用量子门集

半导体固体基质中的杂质代表了一个广泛研究的量子计算应用平台。在这种情况下，所谓的触发器量子比特成为硅中可扩展实现的便捷选择。触发器量子比特是通过在同位素纯化的硅中植入磷供体，并在供体核自旋及其束缚电子中编码逻辑状态来实现的。通过施加垂直电场来电调制超精细相互作用会导致具有反平行自旋 $\{|\downarrow \Uparrow \rangle ,|\uparrow \Downarrow \rangle \}$ 的状态之间的电子偶极子自旋共振 (EDSR) 跃迁，即被选为逻辑状态。当考虑两个量子比特时，利用偶极-偶极相互作用在它们之间建立远程耦合。