Background. Collagen type V alpha 1 chain (COL5A1) is a hypoxia-related gene (a collagen family protein) and participates in the formation of the extracellular matrix. Although some evidence supports a significant role for COL5A1 in the progression of several cancers, a pan-cancer analysis of COL5A1 is not currently available. Herein, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of COL5A1 in 33 human cancers and to investigate its underlying immunological function. Methods. Through multiple bioinformatics methods, we analyzed the data from Oncomine, TCGA, CCLE, HPA, DNMIVD, and cBioPortal database to explore the potential underlying carcinogenic effect of COL5A1, including the relevance of COL5A1 to the outcome, DNA methylation, tumor microenvironment, immune cells infiltration, and drug sensitivity in 33 human cancers. The effects of COL5A1 on glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were verified in cellular experiments. Results. Our findings indicated that COL5A1 was expressed at high levels in 13 cancers and was negatively related to the prognosis of 11 cancers. Additionally, COL5A1 was coexpressed with genes encoding the major histocompatibility complex, immune activators, immune suppressors, chemokines, chemokine receptors, mismatch repair genes, and immune checkpoints. We also identified different roles for COL5A1 in the immunocyte infiltration in different cancers. The correlation between COL5A1 and drug sensitivity was found in several cancers. COL5A1 potentially influenced the tumor progression through immune-related pathways, negative regulation of immune system processes, chemokine signaling pathways, JAK-STAT pathways, T cell receptor pathways, lymphocyte migration, and antigen processing and presentation, among other processes. Conclusions. Based on our study, COL5A1 may be employed as a prognostic marker in different malignancies because of its impact on tumorigenesis and immune cell infiltration and have implications for cancer immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy.

中文翻译：

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缺氧相关基因 COL5A1 是多种人类肿瘤的预后和免疫生物标志物

背景。V型胶原蛋白α1链（COL5A1）是一种缺氧相关基因（一种胶原蛋白家族蛋白），参与细胞外基质的形成。尽管一些证据支持 COL5A1 在几种癌症进展中的重要作用，但目前尚无对 COL5A1 的泛癌分析。在此，我们旨在评估 COL5A1 在 33 种人类癌症中的预后价值，并研究其潜在的免疫功能。方法. 通过多种生物信息学方法，我们分析了来自 Oncomine、TCGA、CCLE、HPA、DNMIVD 和 cBioPortal 数据库的数据，以探索 COL5A1 潜在的潜在致癌作用，包括 COL5A1 与结果的相关性、DNA 甲基化、肿瘤微环境、免疫细胞33 种人类癌症的浸润和药物敏感性。在细胞实验中验证了 COL5A1 对胶质瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。结果. 我们的研究结果表明，COL5A1 在 13 种癌症中高水平表达，并且与 11 种癌症的预后呈负相关。此外，COL5A1 与编码主要组织相容性复合物、免疫激活剂、免疫抑制剂、趋化因子、趋化因子受体、错配修复基因和免疫检查点的基因共表达。我们还确定了 COL5A1 在不同癌症免疫细胞浸润中的不同作用。在几种癌症中发现了 COL5A1 与药物敏感性之间的相关性。COL5A1可能通过免疫相关通路、免疫系统过程的负调控、趋化因子信号通路、JAK-STAT通路、T细胞受体通路、淋巴细胞迁移以及抗原加工和呈递等过程影响肿瘤进展。结论。根据我们的研究，COL5A1 可能被用作不同恶性肿瘤的预后标志物，因为它对肿瘤发生和免疫细胞浸润有影响，并且对癌症免疫检查点抑制剂和化疗有影响。