Like other sectors, safety management in the construction industry is still mostly aligned with the Safety-I approach, which is based on learning from undesired events. The Safety-II approach, which emphasizes improving safety through the analysis of everyday work, is still poorly understood and used in the construction industry. This article proposes, applies, and evaluates a framework for the integration of Safety-I and Safety-II in construction sites. The framework implementation encompasses three stages: (i) understanding work-as-imagined (WAI) and work-as-done (WAD); (ii) evaluating the gap between WAI and WAD; and (iii) learning and revising WAI and WAD. The framework was tested on the construction site of a high-rise residential building in Brazil for three months. Data sources for this test involved observations, interviews, and analysis of documents. The results offered insight into the acceptability and utility of Safety-II in the construction industry as well the benefits and difficulties of combining Safety-I and Safety-II. Furthermore, the framework stimulated the conversation about the gap between WAI and WAD, generating opportunities for improvement from both successes and failures.

与其他行业一样，建筑行业的安全管理仍然主要与 Safety-I 方法保持一致，该方法基于从不良事件中学习。强调通过分析日常工作来提高安全性的 Safety-II 方法在建筑行业中仍然缺乏理解和使用。本文提出、应用和评估了建筑工地安全 I 和安全 II 集成的框架。框架实施包括三个阶段： (i) 理解想象中的工作 (WAI) 和完成的工作 (WAD)；(ii) 评估 WAI 和 WAD 之间的差距；(iii) 学习和修改 WAI 和 WAD。该框架在巴西一栋高层住宅建筑工地上进行了三个月的测试。该测试的数据来源包括观察、访谈、和文件分析。结果提供了对建筑行业安全-II 的可接受性和实用性以及将安全-I 和安全-II 结合的好处和困难的见解。此外，该框架激发了关于 WAI 和 WAD 之间差距的对话，从成功和失败中产生了改进的机会。