Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has emerged as a severe illness worldwide. Currently, the top ten causes of death in the world include ischemic heart disease according to the Global Health Observatory data provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). To treat the CVD, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been used in clinical treatment. Unfortunately, CVD is still considered a serious illness for human health, even though the mortality due to CVD has reduced compared to the time before the availability of PCI procedure. Since the implantation of the bare-metal stent in humans as the first-generation stent, drug-eluting and biodegradable stents have been developed as the second- and third-generation stents to address the drawbacks of previously developed stents. Currently, various types of stents with different geometries, structures, backbone materials, and other properties have been developed, but identifying the best stent for superior clinical efficacy is still difficult. To address this issue, this review classifies the vascular stents according to four types of scaffold materials: non-degradable metal, degradable metal, non-degradable polymer, and degradable polymer. Additionally, majority of the vascular stents with various merits and demerits that have been developed till date are discussed with focus on the critical requirements for next-generation stents.

心血管疾病（CVD）已成为世界范围内的一种严重疾病。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）提供的全球健康观察站数据，目前全球十大死因包括缺血性心脏病。为了治疗心血管疾病，经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）已被用于临床治疗。不幸的是，心血管疾病仍然被认为是对人类健康的严重疾病，尽管心血管疾病导致的死亡率与 PCI 手术之前的时间相比有所降低。自从将裸金属支架作为第一代支架植入人体以来，药物洗脱和可生物降解支架已被开发为第二代和第三代支架，以解决先前开发的支架的缺点。目前，各种不同几何形状、结构的支架，骨干材料和其他特性已经开发出来，但仍然难以确定具有卓越临床疗效的最佳支架。为了解决这个问题，本综述将血管支架根据支架材料分为四种类型：不可降解金属、可降解金属、不可降解聚合物和可降解聚合物。此外，讨论了迄今为止开发的大多数具有各种优点和缺点的血管支架，重点是下一代支架的关键要求。和可降解聚合物。此外，讨论了迄今为止开发的大多数具有各种优点和缺点的血管支架，重点是下一代支架的关键要求。和可降解聚合物。此外，讨论了迄今为止开发的大多数具有各种优点和缺点的血管支架，重点是下一代支架的关键要求。