Porous and fibrous nanocomposite with granular surface morphology was prepared by coating of polyaniline onto carbonized tea waste material employing a low cost and facile method. The as-synthesized nanofiber adsorbent was characterized using FTIR, Ultraviolet-visible, Thermal gravimetric analysis, BET, FESEM, HRTEM, and zeta potential analysis. The adsorption capacity of the fabricated adsorbent was evaluated against the removal of rhodamine B (RhB) dye from aqueous samples, 34.9315 mg/g adsorption capacity, and 95.21% of removal efficiency was observed. The results show that the prepared nanoadsorbent has well-defined porous and fibrous structure with granular morphology, a small average diameter (3–90nm), high specific surface area (50.1296 m² g⁻¹), and pore volume (0.2054 cm³ g⁻¹). The pore size distribution is ranged from 2 to 5nm. The adsorption kinetics is well described by a pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption process is controlled jointly by the intra-particle diffusion and film diffusion process. The adsorption data were found to be well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model. The thermodynamic study has revealed that the adsorption process is spontaneous, exothermic, and marked with the enhancement in randomness at the adsorbent–adsorbate interface. The positive value of ΔH° indicates that the physical forces are involved in the adsorption process. The polyaniline-coated tea waste carbon (PCTWC) nanocomposite has shown its high regeneration ability even after five consecutive cycles of adsorption-desorption.

采用低成本、简便的方法，将聚苯胺包覆在碳化的茶叶废料上，制备出具有颗粒状表面形态的多孔纤维状纳米复合材料。使用 FTIR、紫外可见光、热重分析、BET、FESEM、HRTEM 和 zeta 电位分析对合成后的纳米纤维吸附剂进行了表征。针对从水样中去除罗丹明 B (RhB) 染料对制备的吸附剂的吸附能力进行了评估，吸附能力为 34.9315 mg/g，观察到 95.21% 的去除效率。结果表明，制备的纳米吸附剂具有明确的多孔纤维结构，颗粒形态，平均直径小（3-90nm），比表面积高（50.1296 m ² g ^-1），孔体积（0.2054 cm）^3g -1 ⁾。孔径分布范围为2至5nm。吸附动力学由准二级模型很好地描述，吸附过程由颗粒内扩散和膜扩散过程共同控制。发现吸附数据与朗缪尔等温线模型非常吻合。热力学研究表明，吸附过程是自发的、放热的，并且在吸附剂-被吸附物界面处的随机性增强。ΔH °为正值表示物理力参与了吸附过程。聚苯胺包覆的茶叶废碳（PCTWC）纳米复合材料即使在连续五次吸附-解吸循环后仍显示出其高再生能力。