Hydraulic fracturing is currently one of the most economical and effective means to develop shale oil resources. However, the fracturing effects in shale oil wells vary significantly. The compatibility between the fracturing fluid and the shale oil reservoir is one of the important factors affecting the fracturing stimulation. In this study, a series of physical simulation experiments were carried out to reveal the changes in the physical properties and surface properties of a shale oil reservoir using different fracturing fluids (guar gum fracturing fluid, slick hydraulic fracturing fluid, and formation water fracturing fluid). The dynamic flowback process of different fracturing fluids was visualized and quantitatively characterized using the NMR technology. The results indicate that with the increase in soaking time in the formation water fracturing fluid, the hysteresis coefficient of the shale increased. The increasing ink-bottle pores resulted in worse pore connectivity and physical properties of reservoir. The shale undergoes strong water sensitivity damage and strong stress sensitivity, which is not conducive to the stability and long-term effects of shale oil production. After injecting the guar gum fracturing fluid, the pore connectivity of the shale is enhanced, and the stress sensitivity is the weakest. The particle suspension and dispersion system of the guar gum fracturing fluid is the most stable, which greatly avoids reservoir damage caused by solid particle migration blocking in the pore throat. In addition, it can effectively inhibit shale hydration and expansion, and achieve the highest displacement flowback efficiency, which is more suitable for the fracturing operation of shale oil reservoirs in the study area. The effects of the slippery hydraulic fracturing fluid on shale are between the above two fracturing fluids. The research results are of great significance in guiding the fracturing operation of shale oil wells in the northern Songliao Basin.

水力压裂是目前开发页岩油资源最经济、最有效的手段之一。然而，页岩油井的压裂效果差异很大。压裂液与页岩油储层的相容性是影响压裂改造的重要因素之一。本研究通过一系列物理模拟实验，揭示了不同压裂液（瓜尔胶压裂液、光滑水力压裂液、地层水压裂液）对页岩油储层物理性质和表面性质的影响。 . 使用核磁共振技术对不同压裂液的动态返排过程进行可视化和定量表征。结果表明，随着在地层水压裂液中浸泡时间的增加，页岩的滞后系数增大。墨瓶孔隙的增加导致孔隙连通性和储层物理性质变差。页岩具有强水敏性破坏和强应力敏感性，不利于页岩油生产的稳定性和长效性。注入瓜尔胶压裂液后，页岩孔隙连通性增强，应力敏感性最弱。瓜尔胶压裂液的颗粒悬浮分散体系最为稳定，极大地避免了固体颗粒运移堵塞孔喉对储层造成的损害。此外，还能有效抑制页岩水化膨胀，达到最高的驱替返排效率，更适合研究区页岩油藏的压裂作业。滑溜水力压裂液对页岩的影响介于上述两种压裂液之间。该研究成果对指导松辽盆地北部页岩油井压裂作业具有重要意义。