Nano-particles of metals can be routinely synthesized. The cereal seeds treatment with the particles can improve early growth and crop production. Moreover, the treatment is robust and economical. Metal (Fe0, Cu0, Co0), zinc oxide (ZnO) and chitosan-stabilized silver nano-particles were synthesized and applied to cereal seeds. The germination rate, early plant development and inhibition effects on pathogenic fungi were quantified. It was found that all nano-particles had a positive effect on the development of healthy cereal seedlings. In particular, the length of the above-ground part of the seedlings was increased by 8–22%. The highest inhibition effect was observed on Helminthosporium teres with the application of Co0 and chitosan-Ag. Pre-sowing treatment with metal nano-particles reduced the number of infected grains by two times for wheat and 3.6 times for barley. The application also increases the chlorophylls and carotenoids in both uninfected and infected seedlings. The results demonstrated a robust application of nano-particles in improving cereal production.

中文翻译：

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金属纳米粒子作为谷类作物生长促进剂和真菌抑制剂的评价

金属的纳米颗粒可以常规合成。用颗粒处理谷物种子可以改善早期生长和作物产量。此外，该处理是稳健且经济的。合成了金属（Fe0、Cu0、Co0）、氧化锌（ZnO）和壳聚糖稳定的银纳米粒子，并将其应用于谷物种子。量化了发芽率、植物早期发育和对病原真菌的抑制作用。发现所有纳米颗粒对健康谷物幼苗的发育都有积极影响。特别是，幼苗地上部分的长度增加了 8-22%。观察到Co0和壳聚糖-Ag对圆蠕孢菌的抑制效果最高。用金属纳米粒子进行播种前处理使小麦受感染的谷物数量减少了两倍，大麦减少了3.6倍。该应用还增加了未感染和感染幼苗中的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素。结果表明纳米颗粒在提高谷物产量方面的强大应用。