Efficient Heavy Metal Removal from Water by Polydopamine Confined ZrO2 Nanocrystals with Improvements in Nanoparticles Utilization and Ion Diffusion,ACS ES&T Engineering

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Efficient Heavy Metal Removal from Water by Polydopamine Confined ZrO2 Nanocrystals with Improvements in Nanoparticles Utilization and Ion Diffusion
ACS ES&T Engineering ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.1c00370
Zhixue Zhao ₁ , Yaran Song ₁ , Pikky Phanlavong ₁ , Xuan Zhao ₁ , Qiuming Peng ₂ , Tifeng Jiao _{1,

2} , Zhaoxiang Zhang ₃ , Qingrui Zhang _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Nanocomposites for purification of trace heavy metal to the μg/L level remain a hard task and pressing matter, which is mainly challenged by their stable small size (<10 nm) formation and slow ion diffusion. To overcome these problems, we designed an engineered sub-10 nm nanocomposite with exceptional performances in heavy metal removal, e.g., Pb. It relies on a cooperative adsorption, originating from the fixation of charged SO₃H groups and in situ external surface deposition of sub-10 nm ZrO₂ nanocrystals over a polydopamine (PDA) layer. Not only does the PDA interface favor the formation of stable and active sub-10 nm ZrO₂ nanocrystals, but also the external growth of nano-ZrO₂ on the PDA layer further maximizes Zr utilization and shortens the heavy metal diffusion distance. In addition, the charged SO₃H groups of the matrix can drive trace heavy metal ions from the bulk solution to the vicinity of absorbents with several orders of magnitude enrichment (∼31000 times), significantly increasing the interaction possibility between the sub-10 nm ZrO₂ nanocrystals and the target heavy metals. These hybrid adsorbents exhibited superior selectivity with a distribution coefficient of 10500 mL/g, wide solution pH usage (∼2.0–7.0), rapid kinetics, and satisfactory filtration performances (>99.5% removal) in Pb removal. A remarkable capacity of ∼7240 L water/kg sorbent with low effluent (∼1 μg/L) was achieved in the treatment of the contaminated river stream, and the saturated adsorbents can be regenerated and reused with a negligible capacity loss. Our work therefore presents a new concept and benchmark for the lead(II) adsorbent and brings a new perspective for mitigating the problem of diverse heavy metal contamination.

中文翻译：

通过聚多巴胺限制的 ZrO2 纳米晶体有效去除水中的重金属，并改善了纳米粒子的利用和离子扩散

用于将微量重金属纯化至 μg/L 水平的纳米复合材料仍然是一项艰巨的任务和紧迫的任务，其主要挑战在于其稳定的小尺寸（<10 nm）形成和缓慢的离子扩散。为了克服这些问题，我们设计了一种工程化的亚 10 nm 纳米复合材料，在去除重金属（例如 Pb）方面具有出色的性能。它依赖于协同吸附，源自带电 SO ₃ H 基团的固定和亚 10 nm ZrO ₂纳米晶体在聚多巴胺 (PDA) 层上的原位外表面沉积。PDA界面不仅有利于形成稳定且有活性的亚10 nm ZrO ₂纳米晶体，而且有利于纳米ZrO 2 的外部生长_。在PDA层上进一步最大化Zr利用率并缩短重金属扩散距离。此外，基体中带电的 SO ₃ H 基团可以将痕量重金属离子从本体溶液驱动到吸收剂附近，富集数个数量级（~31000 倍），显着增加了亚 10 nm 之间的相互作用可能性。氧化锆₂纳米晶体和目标重金属。这些混合吸附剂表现出优异的选择性，分配系数为 10500 mL/g，溶液 pH 值使用范围广（~2.0-7.0），动力学快速，并且在 Pb 去除方面具有令人满意的过滤性能（>99.5% 去除）。在处理受污染的河流时，可实现约 7240 L 水/kg 吸附剂的显着容量（～1 μg/L），并且饱和吸附剂可以再生和重复使用，容量损失可忽略不计。因此，我们的工作为铅 (II) 吸附剂提出了新的概念和基准，并为缓解多种重金属污染问题带来了新的视角。

更新日期：2022-01-14

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