Although the United States population is growing increasingly diverse, the diversity within higher education is not keeping pace. Contributing to the underrepresentation of students from historically marginalized groups are a variety of interconnected systemic barriers that prevent students from entering college, from thriving while there, and from persisting through to graduation. Here, we use the stereotype inoculation model as a guiding framework not only to identify these barriers and their psychological effects on students but also to highlight evidence-based solutions that colleges and universities can implement to lower these barriers. As a function of our chosen model, we focus on features of educational environments that signal a lack of psychological fit among students from historically marginalized groups. Furthermore, we highlight interventions that can be implemented at the institutional level to change the educational environment and make higher education settings more inclusive and equitable.

中文翻译：

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从大学预科到职业生涯：历史上被边缘化的学生面临的障碍和基于证据的解决方案

尽管美国人口日益多样化，但高等教育的多样性并没有跟上。导致历史上被边缘化群体的学生人数不足的是各种相互关联的系统性障碍，这些障碍阻止学生进入大学、在那里茁壮成长以及坚持到毕业。在这里，我们使用刻板印象接种模型作为指导框架，不仅可以识别这些障碍及其对学生的心理影响，还可以强调高校可以实施以降低这些障碍的循证解决方案。作为我们选择的模型的一个功能，我们关注教育环境的特征，这些特征表明历史上边缘化群体的学生缺乏心理适应。此外，