Abstract

Objective:

The ability to trust one’s own perceptions is crucial for psychological well-being and growth. The relevance of its opposite, self-invalidation (SI), to the psychopathology of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is emphasized in many contemporary theories of evidence-based treatments for BPD. Empirical research on this topic remains scarce, however. This study aimed to describe manifestations of SI in individuals with BPD during a 40-session psychoeducational intervention based mainly on schema therapy.

Method:

Transcripts of videotaped group sessions were analyzed inductively using qualitative content analysis.

Results:

SI emerged as a recurrent, ubiquitous phenomenon. The content analysis yielded three core categories of SI: (1) a self-critical and harsh attitude towards the self (subcategories reflected punitive internalizations that could engender fear-based inertia, self-erasing, submissive coping behavior, and temporal fluctuation in SI), (2) a deficient sense of normalcy, and self-doubt, and (3) self-stigma. We also found an association of SI with various dimensions of BPD, including difficulty in the identification of emotions, secondary emotional reactions such as guilt, shame, anger, and resentment, self-related and interpersonal problems, and suicidal urges.

Conclusions:

SI is a detrimental cognitive-emotional process relevant to BPD that merits treatment. Efforts to reduce self-stigma, a pernicious aspect of SI, are imperative.

中文翻译：

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边缘型人格障碍中的自我无效：患者语言表达的内容分析

摘要

客观的：

相信自己的看法的能力对于心理健康和成长至关重要。许多当代基于证据的 BPD 治疗理论都强调了其相反的自我失效 (SI) 与边缘型人格障碍 (BPD) 的精神病理学的相关性。然而，关于这个主题的实证研究仍然很少。本研究旨在描述主要基于图式疗法的 40 次心理教育干预期间 BPD 患者 SI 的表现。

方法：

使用定性内容分析对录像小组会议的记录进行了归纳分析。

结果：

SI 是一种反复出现的普遍现象。内容分析得出了 SI 的三个核心类别：（1）对自我的自我批评和严厉态度（子类别反映了惩罚性内化，可能导致基于恐惧的惰性、自我擦除、顺从的应对行为和 SI 的时间波动） ，（2）缺乏正常感和自我怀疑，以及（3）自我污名。我们还发现 SI 与 BPD 的各个维度有关，包括情绪识别困难、内疚、羞耻、愤怒和怨恨等次级情绪反应、自我相关和人际关系问题以及自杀冲动。

结论：

SI 是与 BPD 相关的有害认知情绪过程，值得治疗。努力减少自我污名，这是 SI 的一个有害方面，势在必行。