In order to systematically study the rheological and morphological characteristics of foam fracturing fluid, hydroxylpropyl guar (HPG) was selected as the foam stabilizer, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) were selected as the foaming agents, and foam fracturing fluid used for coalbed methane (CBM) stimulation was prepared. The viscosity, quality and half-life of foam fracturing fluid under different additive concentration levels were tested, and the bubble morphology and its relationship with half-life were observed and quantitatively analyzed with microscopy. In addition, the influence of pulverized coal on foam stability was also studied. The results show that the influence of pulverized coal on the basic parameters of the foam fracturing fluid correlated with the particle size and concentration of the pulverized coal. The small particle size of pulverized coal increased the liquid phase viscosity and half-life of the foam, but reduced the foam quality. With increasing pulverized coal concentration, the effects were enhanced. The average bubble diameter decreased with increasing HPG concentration, and the changing trend of the bubble diameter conformed to the gamma distribution. The foam half-life had a positive and negative correlation with the bubble morphology parameters α and β, respectively. The results can deepen the understanding of the influence of foaming agents, foam stabilizers, and coal particles on the properties of foam fracturing fluids, and provide a reference for the optimization of foam fracturing fluid formulations.

为系统研究泡沫压裂液的流变形态特征，选用羟丙基瓜尔胶（HPG）作为稳泡剂，选用十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）作为发泡剂，泡沫制备了用于煤层气（CBM）增产的压裂液。测试了不同添加剂浓度水平下泡沫压裂液的粘度、质量和半衰期，并用显微镜观察和定量分析了气泡形态及其与半衰期的关系。此外，还研究了煤粉对泡沫稳定性的影响。结果表明，煤粉对泡沫压裂液基本参数的影响与煤粉的粒径和浓度有关。煤粉的小粒径增加了泡沫的液相粘度和半衰期，但降低了泡沫的质量。随着煤粉浓度的增加，效果增强。平均气泡直径随着HPG浓度的增加而减小，气泡直径的变化趋势符合伽马分布。泡沫半衰期与泡沫形态参数α和β分别呈正相关和负相关。研究结果可以加深对发泡剂、稳泡剂和煤颗粒对泡沫压裂液性能影响的认识，