Although pulmonary function has been studied in relationship to individual cardiometabolic diseases, uncertainty persists about the difference in risk magnitudes of pulmonary function for these diseases and its association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM). Does pulmonary function have different risk magnitudes for cardiometabolic diseases and CM? This study used data from the UK Biobank, including 357,433 individuals with no cardiometabolic diseases at baseline (stage I) and 35,034 individuals with one cardiometabolic disease at baseline (stage II). Pulmonary function was measured by FVC or FEV. We defined CM as the coexistence of at least two cardiometabolic diseases: type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke. Multinomial logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazards models were performed to estimate ORs or hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% CIs for the longitudinal relationship between baseline pulmonary function and incident cardiometabolic outcomes. In stage I, FVC showed the most pronounced associations with new-onset CM and T2D among the four mutually exclusive end points. Compared with the lowest quartile (quartile 1), the adjusted ORs of quartile 4 of FVC were 0.525 (95% CI, 0.468-0.589) for CM, 0.534 (95% CI, 0.498-0.572) for T2D alone, 0.817 (95% CI, 0.751-0.888) for stroke alone, and 0.800 (95% CI, 0.764-0.837) for CHD alone. In stage II, FVC also was associated with the risk of CM in patients with T2D (HR of quartile 4, 0.727; 95% CI, 0.649-0.814), patients with CHD (HR, 0.635; 95% CI, 0.555-0.727), and patients who experienced stroke (HR, 0.783, 95% CI, 0.642-0.955). Similar results were observed for FEV in both stages. This study revealed the different risk associations of pulmonary function with individual cardiometabolic diseases and CM. Tailor-made screening and monitoring through pulmonary function may be applicable for the precise prevention and control of these conditions.

中文翻译：

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肺功能在预测新发心脏代谢疾病和心脏代谢多种疾病中的作用

尽管已经研究了肺功能与个体心脏代谢疾病的关系，但这些疾病的肺功能风险程度的差异及其与心脏代谢多病（CM）的关系仍然存在不确定性。肺功能对心脏代谢疾病和 CM 的风险程度是否不同？这项研究使用了英国生物银行的数据，包括 357,433 名基线时没有心脏代谢疾病的个体（第一阶段）和 35,034 名基线时患有一种心脏代谢疾病的个体（第二阶段）。肺功能通过 FVC 或 FEV 来测量。我们将 CM 定义为至少两种心脏代谢疾病并存：2 型糖尿病 (T2D)、冠心病 (CHD) 和中风。采用多项 Logistic 回归模型和 Cox 比例风险模型来估计基线肺功能与事件心脏代谢结果之间纵向关系的 OR 或风险比 (HR) 及其 95% CI。在第一阶段，在四个相互排斥的终点中，FVC 显示出与新发 CM 和 T2D 的最明显关联。与最低四分位数（四分位数 1）相比，FVC 四分位数 4 的调整 OR 分别为：CM 为 0.525（95% CI，0.468-0.589）；单独 T2D 为 0.534（95% CI，0.498-0.572）；单独 T2D 为 0.817（95%）。单独卒中的 CI，0.751-0.888），单独 CHD 的 CI，0.800（95% CI，0.764-0.837）。在 II 期，FVC 还与 T2D 患者（四分位数 4 的 HR，0.727；95% CI，0.649-0.814）和 CHD 患者（HR，0.635；95% CI，0.555-0.727）的 CM 风险相关。 ，以及经历过中风的患者（HR，0.783，95% CI，0.642-0.955）。在两个阶段的 FEV1 中都观察到了类似的结果。这项研究揭示了肺功能与个体心脏代谢疾病和 CM 的不同风险关联。通过肺功能进行定制的筛查和监测可能适用于精确预防和控制这些病症。