当前位置: X-MOL 学术Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Ensuring planetary survival: the centrality of organic carbon in balancing the multifunctional nature of soils
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 , DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2021.2024484
Peter M. Kopittke 1 , Asmeret Asefaw Berhe 2 , Yolima Carrillo 3 , Timothy R. Cavagnaro 4 , Deli Chen 5 , Qing-Lin Chen 5 , Mercedes Román Dobarco 6 , Feike A. Dijkstra 6 , Damien J. Field 6 , Michael J. Grundy 6 , Ji-Zheng He 5 , Frances C. Hoyle 7 , Ingrid Kögel-Knabner 8 , Shu Kee Lam 5 , Petra Marschner 4 , Cristina Martinez 1 , Alex B. McBratney 6 , Eve McDonald-Madden 9 , Neal W. Menzies 1 , Luke M. Mosley 10 , Carsten W. Mueller 11 , Daniel V. Murphy 7 , Uffe N. Nielsen 3 , Anthony G. O’Donnell 7 , Elise Pendall 3 , Jennifer Pett-Ridge 12 , Cornelia Rumpel 13 , Iain M. Young 6 , Budiman Minasny 6
Affiliation  

Abstract

Not only do soils provide 98.7% of the calories consumed by humans, they also provide numerous other functions upon which planetary survivability closely depends. However, our continuously increasing focus on soils for biomass provision (food, fiber, and energy) through intensive agriculture is rapidly degrading soils and diminishing their capacity to deliver other vital functions. These tradeoffs in soil functionality – the increased provision of one function at the expense of other critical planetary functions – are the focus of this review. We examine how land-use change for biomass provision has decreased the ability of soils to regulate the carbon pool and thereby contribute profoundly to climate change, to cycle the nutrients that sustain plant growth and ecosystem health, to protect the soil biodiversity upon which many other functions depend, and to cycle the Earth’s freshwater supplies. We also examine how this decreasing ability of soil to provide these other functions can be halted and reversed. Despite the complexity and the interconnectedness of soil functions, we show that soil organic carbon plays a central role and is a master indicator for soil functioning and that we require a better understanding of the factors controlling the behavior and persistence of C in soils. Given the threats facing humanity and their economies, it is imperative that we recognize that Soil Security is itself an existential challenge and that we need to increase our focus on the multiple functions of soils for long-term human welfare and survivability of the planet.



中文翻译:

确保地球生存:有机碳在平衡土壤多功能性方面的核心作用

摘要

土壤不仅提供了人类消耗的 98.7% 的卡路里,还提供了许多其他功能,这些功能与行星的生存能力密切相关。然而,我们通过集约化农业不断增加对生物质供应(食物、纤维和能源)的土壤的关注正在迅速退化土壤并降低其提供其他重要功能的能力。土壤功能的这些权衡——以牺牲其他关键行星功能为代价提供一种功能——是本次审查的重点。我们研究了用于生物质供应的土地利用变化如何降低土壤调节碳库的能力,从而对气候变化产生深远影响,循环维持植物生长和生态系统健康的养分,保护许多其他功能所依赖的土壤生物多样性,并循环地球的淡水供应。我们还研究了如何阻止和逆转土壤提供这些其他功能的能力下降。尽管土壤功能复杂且相互关联,但我们表明土壤有机碳起着核心作用,是土壤功能的主要指标,我们需要更好地了解控制土壤中碳行为和持久性的因素。鉴于人类及其经济面临的威胁,我们必须认识到土壤安全本身就是一项生存挑战,我们需要更加关注土壤的多种功能,以实现人类的长期福祉和地球的生存能力。我们还研究了如何阻止和逆转土壤提供这些其他功能的能力下降。尽管土壤功能复杂且相互关联,但我们表明土壤有机碳起着核心作用,是土壤功能的主要指标,我们需要更好地了解控制土壤中碳行为和持久性的因素。鉴于人类及其经济面临的威胁,我们必须认识到土壤安全本身就是一项生存挑战,我们需要更加关注土壤的多种功能,以实现人类的长期福祉和地球的生存能力。我们还研究了如何阻止和逆转土壤提供这些其他功能的能力下降。尽管土壤功能复杂且相互关联,但我们表明土壤有机碳起着核心作用,是土壤功能的主要指标,我们需要更好地了解控制土壤中碳行为和持久性的因素。鉴于人类及其经济面临的威胁,我们必须认识到土壤安全本身就是一项生存挑战,我们需要更加关注土壤的多种功能,以实现人类的长期福祉和地球的生存能力。我们表明,土壤有机碳起着核心作用,是土壤功能的主要指标,我们需要更好地了解控制土壤中碳行为和持久性的因素。鉴于人类及其经济面临的威胁,我们必须认识到土壤安全本身就是一项生存挑战,我们需要更加关注土壤的多种功能,以实现人类的长期福祉和地球的生存能力。我们表明,土壤有机碳起着核心作用,是土壤功能的主要指标,我们需要更好地了解控制土壤中碳行为和持久性的因素。鉴于人类及其经济面临的威胁,我们必须认识到土壤安全本身就是一项生存挑战,我们需要更加关注土壤的多种功能,以实现人类的长期福祉和地球的生存能力。

更新日期:2022-01-10
down
wechat
bug