An inverse liquid–solid circulating conventional fluidized bed (I-CCFB) is realized by injecting particles from the top of a conventional liquid–solid fluidized bed (0.076 m ID and 5.4 m height) that is operated in a newly developed circulating conventional fluidization regime located between the conventional and circulating fluidization regimes. The I-CCFB can achieve a higher solids holdup compared to both conventional and circulating liquid–solid fluidized beds. A new parameter, the bed intensification factor, is defined to quantify the increased solids holdup observed with external solids circulation. The Richardson–Zaki equation is shown to be applicable to the I-CCFB regime and can be used to correlate the slip velocity and solids holdup, both of which increase with the solids circulation rate. A new flow regime map is presented, including the I-CCFB and a variety of other liquid–solid fluidized beds.

中文翻译：

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反向液固循环常规流化床的流体动力学

反向液固循环常规流化床 (I-CCFB) 是通过从常规液固流化床（0.076 m ID 和 5.4 m 高）顶部注入颗粒来实现的，该流化床在新开发的循环常规流化机制下运行位于常规流化系统和循环流化系统之间。与传统和循环液固流化床相比，I-CCFB 可以实现更高的固含率。定义了一个新参数，床层强化因子，以量化通过外部固体循环观察到的增加的固体滞留量。Richardson-Zaki 方程被证明适用于 I-CCFB 方案，可用于关联滑移速度和固相持率，这两者都随着固相循环速率的增加而增加。提出了一个新的流态图，