Diversity and abundance of mosquito larvae have significant impact on the dynamics of disease transmission. In the present study, remote sensing (RS) technology integrated with field survey and spatial analyses were utilized to map mosquito breeding habitats and assess areas vulnerable to disease transmission in the Nile Valley of Giza governorate. An entomological survey was carried out to 20 accessible breeding sites at the study area during the period 6th–9th December 2019. Mosquito larvae were collected and transferred to the laboratory for density calculation and species identifications. A calibrated Landsat OLI image was processed to produce Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI), Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI), and Land Surface Temperature (LST). Results revealed that Culex pipiens was the most dominant species in the study region with a total percentage of 95.04%. High density of mosquito larvae was characterized by NDVI 0.12 to 0.39, NDBI − 0.20 to 0.05, NDMI − 0.05 to 0.20, NDWI − 0.34 to − 0.10, NDSI − 0.39 to − 0.12, and LST 19.30 to 24.82 ℃ which represents the optimal conditions for mosquito breeding. It could be concluded that Giza region, particularly Agouza, Kerdasa, Dokki, Bulaq Dakror and Omrania, is highly affected by Cx. pipiens, with a high potentiality of filariasis disease transmission.

蚊子幼虫的多样性和丰度对疾病传播的动态有重大影响。在本研究中，遥感 (RS) 技术与实地调查和空间分析相结合，用于绘制蚊子繁殖栖息地的地图，并评估吉萨省尼罗河谷易受疾病传播的地区。2019 年 12 月 6 日至 9 日期间，对研究区的 20 个可进入的繁殖地点进行了昆虫学调查。收集蚊子幼虫并转移到实验室进行密度计算和物种鉴定。处理校准的 Landsat OLI 图像以生成归一化差异植被指数 (NDVI)、归一化差异构建指数 (NDBI)、归一化差异水分指数 (NDMI)、归一化差异水指数 (NDWI)、归一化差异盐度指数 (NDSI) 和地表温度 (LST)。结果表明库蚊是研究区的优势种，占总百分比的 95.04%。蚊子幼虫高密度的特征是NDVI 0.12至0.39，NDBI - 0.20至0.05，NDMI - 0.05至0.20，NDWI - 0.34至- 0.10，NDSI - 0.39至- 0.12，以及LST 0.39至24℃的最佳条件。用于蚊子繁殖。可以得出结论，吉萨地区，特别是阿古扎、克尔达萨、多基、布拉克达克罗和奥姆拉尼亚，受Cx 的影响很大。pipiens，具有很高的丝虫病传播潜力。