Alzheimer disease (AD) is the first progressive neurodegenerative disease worldwide, and the disease is characterized by an accumulation of amyloid in the brain and neurovasculature that triggers cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. The innate immune system has a preponderant role in AD. The last decade, scientists focused their efforts on therapies aiming to modulate innate immunity. The latter is of great interest, since they participate to the inflammation and phagocytose the amyloid in the brain and blood vessels. We and others have developed pharmacological approaches to stimulate these cells using various ligands. These include toll-like receptor 4, macrophage colony stimulating factor, and more recently nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain–containing 2 receptors. This review will discuss the great potential to take advantage of the innate immune system to fight naturally against amyloid β accumulation and prevent its detrimental consequence on brain functions and its vascular system.

中文翻译：

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靶向系统性先天免疫细胞作为阿尔茨海默病的治疗途径

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是全球首个进行性神经退行性疾病，该疾病的特征是淀粉样蛋白在大脑和神经血管系统中的积累，从而引发认知衰退和神经炎症。先天免疫系统在 AD 中起主要作用。在过去的十年中，科学家们将精力集中在旨在调节先天免疫的疗法上。后者非常有趣，因为它们参与炎症并吞噬大脑和血管中的淀粉样蛋白。我们和其他人已经开发出药理学方法来使用各种配体刺激这些细胞。这些包括 toll 样受体 4、巨噬细胞集落刺激因子和最近的含有 2 种受体的核苷酸结合寡聚结构域。β积累并防止其对大脑功能及其血管系统的不利影响。