Few studies have investigated the dose–response relationship between exercise and weight control. This study aimed to assess the effects of different types of supervised exercise training on weight control and other metabolic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and explore the dose–response relationship between exercise volume/duration and these outcomes. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies between January 1980 and June 2019. Randomized control trials in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with supervised exercise training versus control treatment were included. The primary outcome was changes in body weight (kg). The secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference (cm) and total body fat percentage (%). Forty-two randomized control trials, including 3,625 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Overall, exercise treatment was associated with significant reduction in body weight (weighted mean differences, −1.10 kg; 95% CI [−1.58, −0.62], p < .01), waist circumference (weighted mean differences, −2.51 cm; 95% CI [−3.25, −1.77], p < .01), and total body fat (weighted mean differences, −1.16%; 95% CI [−1.58%, −0.75%], p < .01). The percentage of total body fat was reduced by all types of exercise, with a significant difference between aerobic exercise and resistance exercise (p = .02) and a significant difference between combined exercise and resistance exercise (p < .01). A higher volume of aerobic exercise and a higher volume of resistance exercise were superior in reducing body weight. In conclusion, supervised exercise training improved metabolic outcomes in general, while different types and volume of exercises have their own merits.

很少有研究调查运动和体重控制之间的剂量反应关系。本研究旨在评估不同类型的有监督运动训练对 2 型糖尿病患者体重控制和其他代谢结果的影响，并探讨运动量/持续时间与这些结果之间的剂量反应关系。在 PubMed/MEDLINE、Embase 和 Cochrane 数据库中搜索了 1980 年 1 月至 2019 年 6 月期间的研究。纳入了在 2 型糖尿病患者中进行有监督运动训练与对照治疗的随机对照试验。主要结果是体重（kg）的变化。次要结果包括腰围 (cm) 和全身脂肪百分比 (%) 的变化。42 项随机对照试验，包括 3 项，纳入 625 名 2 型糖尿病患者。总体而言，运动治疗与体重显着降低相关（加权平均差，-1.10 kg；95% CI [-1.58, -0.62]，p  < .01)、腰围（加权平均差，-2.51 cm；95% CI [-3.25, -1.77]，p  < .01）和全身脂肪（加权平均差，-1.16%；95% CI [-1.58%，-0.75%]，p  < .01）。所有类型的运动都降低了总脂肪的百分比，有氧运动和阻力运动之间存在显着差异（p  = .02），联合运动和阻力运动之间存在显着差异（p  <.01）。较大量的有氧运动和较大量的抗阻运动在减轻体重方面效果更好。总之，有监督的运动训练总体上改善了代谢结果，而不同类型和数量的运动各有其优点。