The current study examines if perceived negative changes due to COVID-19 are related to adolescent loneliness, stress and depressive symptoms and whether friendship factors (online friend communication, friend support) serve a protective role in these associations. In total, 993 adolescents (M_age = 16.09, SD = 1.24) from ethnically diverse backgrounds (49% White, 18% Asian/Asian-American, 14% Latinx, 9% Black/African-American, 10% Other) in the United States completed an online survey. Adolescents who perceived more negative changes due to COVID-19 reported more loneliness, stress and depressive symptoms. For loneliness and stress, these associations were qualified by interactions with the friendship factors. Among adolescents with low online friend communication, as perceived negative changes increased, loneliness also increased. At high levels of friend communication, there was no link between negative COVID-19 changes and loneliness. Friend communication and support may protect adolescents from well-being problems stemming from the negative changes in their life due to COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 大流行期间的青少年孤独、压力和抑郁症状：朋友的保护作用

目前的研究检查了由 COVID-19 引起的负面变化是否与青少年孤独、压力和抑郁症状有关，以及友谊因素（在线朋友交流、朋友支持）是否在这些关联中起保护作用。总共有 993 名青少年（M_年龄 = 16.09，SD = 1.24) 来自美国不同种族背景（49% 白人、18% 亚裔/亚裔美国人、14% 拉丁裔、9% 黑人/非洲裔美国人、10% 其他人）的人完成了一项在线调查。由于 COVID-19 而感知到更多负面变化的青少年报告了更多的孤独、压力和抑郁症状。对于孤独和压力，这些关联是通过与友谊因素的相互作用来限定的。在网络朋友交流较少的青少年中，随着感知到的负面变化增加，孤独感也增加了。在高水平的朋友交流中，COVID-19 的负面变化与孤独感之间没有联系。朋友的交流和支持可以保护青少年免受因 COVID-19 导致的生活负面变化而产生的健康问题。