Abstract

Obesity is one of the most important health problems nowadays. In addition to the direct physical consequences, it is also a risk factor in the development of psychological (Eating disorders, body dissatisfaction, depression, anxiety, etc.) and social problems. Among there, body dissatisfaction is key for development and maintenance of such problems. Objective: to deepen the effectiveness of the body exposure treatment, both in its pure form and guided modality in subjective, psychological and attentional levels in people with body dissatisfaction and obesity. Methods: Evaluations were carried out in a total of 16 women with obesity and body dissatisfaction at the beginning and end of 6 treatment sessions of pure exposure in front of the mirror. The changes experienced at the subjective level (questionnaires and subjective discomfort during the sessions) and psychophysiological (eye-tracking and heart rate) were analyzed. Results: Pure exposure treatment reduces negative thoughts and emotions towards the body itself, as well as the experienced discomfort towards the most conflictive parts. Selective attention to those parts of the body classified as uglier by the participants (especially the rear view of the body) show a decrease in physiological reactivity. Conclusions: Pure exposure treatment seems to be effective in reducing subjective and psychological symptoms associated with body dissatisfaction in people with obesity, this technique could be considered a good choice for the treatment of body dissatisfaction. This step is essential to guarantee the long-term therapeutic success of any other treatment (nutritional or/and physical activity) in the future.

摘要

肥胖是当今最重要的健康问题之一。除了直接的身体后果外，它也是心理（饮食失调、身体不满意、抑郁、焦虑等）和社会问题发展的危险因素。其中，身体不满意是此类问题发展和维持的关键。目的：加深身体暴露治疗的有效性，无论是单纯的形式还是引导方式在主观、心理和注意力水平上对身体不满意和肥胖的人的有效性。方法：对16名肥胖和身体不满意的女性在镜前纯暴露6个疗程的开始和结束时进行评估。分析了在主观层面（问卷调查和会议期间的主观不适）和心理生理（眼动追踪和心率）所经历的变化。结果：纯粹的暴露治疗减少了对身体本身的负面想法和情绪，以及对最冲突部位的不适感。选择性注意那些被参与者归类为丑陋的身体部位（尤其是身体的后视图）表明生理反应性降低。结论：单纯暴露治疗似乎能有效减少肥胖患者与身体不满意相关的主观和心理症状，该技术可被认为是治疗身体不满意的良好选择。