Europe's past is an imperial and colonial past. Often presenting itself as a cosmopolitan continent of nations, it is, in fact, a continent of national projects buttressed by colonial endeavours. These have included colonial emigration and settlement, dispossession, appropriation, extraction, and enslavement. While particular national governments have played a central role – Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, for example – populations from across the European continent have also participated. This article sets out the ‘varieties of colonialism’ at the heart of the European project and asks what a decolonial project of Europe might look like. I argue it would be one that places the colonial histories of Europe at the centre of our understandings of the present and which seeks redress of the injustices associated with that history through postcolonial reparative action.

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欧洲的非殖民主义项目

欧洲的过去是帝国和殖民的过去。它经常将自己展示为一个国际性的国家大陆，事实上，它是一个由殖民努力支持的国家项目大陆。这些包括殖民移民和定居、剥夺、占用、提取和奴役。虽然特定国家政府发挥了核心作用——例如英国、法国、德国、意大利、荷兰——但来自欧洲大陆的民众也参与其中。本文列出了欧洲项目核心的“殖民主义的多样性”，并询问欧洲的非殖民主义项目可能是什么样子。